Abstract
ABSTRACTTo save human population from mosquito-borne diseases, control of mosquito is the first and foremost step. This study was carried out to evaluate larvicidal activities of Glochidion lanceolarium (Roxb.) Voigt. (Phyllanthaceae) leaf extracts against the Japanese encephalitis vector Culex vishnui Theobald, 1901 (Culicidae). Crude and three different solvent extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone) of G. lanceolarium leaves were applied for larvicidal bioassay against all larval instars of Cx. vishnui. For statistical justifications, log-probit analysis, regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA)were performed. Impacts of both extracts on non-target water fauna were also evaluated. Bioactive compound was subjected to infrared (IR) spectroscopy analysis for chemical characterisation of active ingredient after thin-layer chromatography (TLC). A total of 0.5% concentration of crude extract showed highest larval mortality after 72 h of exposure. Among the three tested solvent extracts, ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the most potent larvicidal activity. In ethyl acetate extract, 100% mortality was found in 80 ppm concentration against the first instar larvae after 72 h of exposure. However, the non-target organism Chironomus circumdatus Kieffer, 1916 (Chironomidae) was found safe to the extracts. IR spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of phenol as a functional group. G. lanceolarium leaves have remarkable larvicidal efficacy against the Cx. vishnui.Abbreviations: Glochidion lanceolarium – G. lanceolarium Culex vishnui – Cx. vishnui IR Spectroscopy - Infrared Spectroscopy TLC - Thin-Layer Chromatography JE - Japanese Encephalitis ANOVA – Analysis of Variance Chironomus circumdatus – C. circumdatus WHO – World Health Organization LC50 – Leather Concentration 50 RH - Relative Humidity Rf - Retardation factor DMSO - Dimethyl Sulphoxide SE - Standard Error
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