Abstract
Purpose : To determine larvicidal activity of the essential oil derived from Illicium henryi Diels (Illiciaceae) leaf and stem against the larvae of Aedes albopictus Skuse． Methods : The essential oil of I. henryi leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromaotography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity of the oil was evaluated, using World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the fourth instar larvae of A. albopictus for 24 h, and larval mortalities recorded at various essential oil concentrations ranging from 12.5 - 200 μg/mL. Results : A total of 25 components of the essential oil of I. henryi were identified and the principal compounds in the essential oil were safrole (54.09 %), myristicin (22.24 %), and 1, 8-cineole (5.43 %). The essential oil has higher content of (76.48 %) of phenylpropanoids than monoterpenoids (10.79 %) and sesquiternoids (11.72 %). The essential oil exhibited larvicidal activity against A. albopictus with a median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of 35.43 μg/mL. Conclusion : The findings obtained indicate that the essential oil of I. henryi leaves has potentials for use in the control of A. albopictus larvae and may be useful in the search for newer, safer and more effective natural compounds as larvicides. Keywords : Illicium henryi, Aedes albopictus, Larvicidal activity, Mosquito, Essential oil, Phenylpropanoids, Monoterpenoids, Sesquiternoids
Highlights
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Stegomyia albopictus) (Diptera: Culicidae), is one of two main species of mosquito responsible for dengue fever in China [1]
The larval mortality bioassay was carried out according to the test method for larval susceptibility recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) [15]
The commercial insecticide, chlorpyrifos showed larvicidal activity against the mosquitoes with a LC50 value of 1.86 μg/ml the essential oil of I. henryi leaves was only 19 times less toxic to A. albopictus larvae compared with chlorpyrifos
Summary
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Stegomyia albopictus) (Diptera: Culicidae), is one of two main species of mosquito responsible for dengue fever in China [1]. Many studies have demonstrated that essential oils and their individual components possess promising larvicidal activities against mosquito vectors [3,4,5,6,7,8]. During our mass screening program for new agrochemicals from the wild plants, essential oil of Illicium henryi Diels leaves (Family: Illiciaceae) was found to possess larvicidal activity against the Asian tiger mosquito, A. albopictus Skuse.
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