Large-Size Data Distribution in IoV Based on 5G/6G Compatible Heterogeneous Network

Abstract

The distribution of large-size data block in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), especially in the urban IoV with dense vehicles, is still a challenge issue. Though the methods based on 5G-cellular network commonly can efficiently distribute the large-size file in IoVs, they also have obvious defects, such as occupying scarce 5G resources, generating communication fees and limited service coverage. This paper focuses on distributing large-size data block in IoVs based on dedicated vehicular ad hoc network to reduce the relying on cellular (5G/6G) resources. A heterogeneous vehicular network (HetVNET), in which a short-range OFDM wideband communication (SOWC) with ultra-high data rate and the original IEEE 802.11p protocol are included, is first proposed. To match with the proposed HetVNET, a content-centric data distribution scheme based on edge caching is designed. The content-centric data distribution architecture for distributing large-size file, the cache node selection and the process of data distribution and control based on the HetVNET are studied. The 5G/6G communication can be enabled in the scheme to further enhance the engineering stability of the massive infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) broadcast in IoVs. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach has low delivery delay and high penetration ratio.