Large scale hydrothermal synthesis and electrochemistry of ammonium vanadium bronze nanobelts

Abstract

Single crystalline ammonium vanadium oxide bronze NH 4V 4O 10 nanobelts were synthesized by the hydrothermal treatment of H 2C 2O 4·2H 2O and NH 4VO 3 at 140 °C for 48 h. The NH 4V 4O 10 nanobelts were characterized using a combination of techniques including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electronic diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The as-obtained nanobelts are several microns long, typically 30–40 nm wide, and 10–20 nm thick. The electrochemical properties of the nanobelts were tested in cells with metallic lithium as the negative electrode, the first discharge capacity of 171.8 mAh g −1 was achieved.