Abstract
Abstract. Mining is one of the most important economic activities in Goiás, and it is necessary for the municipalities. The abundance of some mineral substances in the state makes Goiás a desirable location for large extraction companies. This research paper outlines that landscape alteration is inevitable, as it is necessary to remove natural areas for the exploitation of minerals. Agricultural areas could be effected by this process. This paper is discussing a evolution of mining activity that was done with the corporation of Alto Horizonte between 1985 and 2015, observing intervals of a decade, and relating this change to the socio-economic data of the municipality. Remote sensing techniques were used in conjunction with Geographic Information System (GIS), two such techniques include: satellite, image classification and data from socioeconomic surveys. Which provided the basis for relating them to the information generated by the mappings. Through quantitative analysis and visual observations of the mappings of the enterprise and its surroundings, it was possible to notice the modification of the landscape. In addition, socioeconomic data could indicate the influence that mining has had on Alto Horizonte. Although the enterprise has a high industrial mineral production and raise the city's GDP, it is not invested in better wages for the population, ie, workers' income does not keep up with the minimum wage increase.
Highlights
Investments in the mining sector are made in regions where the natural resource is geologically inserted
Which gave rise to the mapping of the 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015 decades in which they demonstrate the evolution of land use and landscape alteration
The mappings demonstrated the decade when the mining area expanded most due to the increase in mineral production, ie 2015
Summary
Investments in the mining sector are made in regions where the natural resource is geologically inserted. Mineral resources are an important economic development factor for Goiás, as this state stands out due to the occurrence of mineral deposits such as phosphate, limestone, asbestos, copper, nickel, vermiculite, gold, emerald, niobium and cobalt. In the literature, there are few studies that relate the mineral activity of companies with the environmental and socioeconomic environment in Goiás Works of these themes aim to investigate the influence of mining companies in nearby cities, without relating the evolutionary dynamics of the city and the environment. Many authors do not yet conceptualize landscape beyond sight, beauty, harmonic or cultural, do not take an approach uniting the field and city areas in a globalized universe Nowadays it is already noticeable a larger amount of works that present the challenges of the landscape considering the anthropic actions related to it. Coelho et al (2014) observed that anthropic actions promote changes in land use and occupation and cause major impacts on landscapes, but their mitigation is possible through monitoring by using spatiotemporal data of these changes that occur in the landscape. Novo (1992)
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