Abstract
ABSTRACT The relevance of using technology for the rational destination of waste from a wide range of human activities is imminently paramount. In this context, between September 2014 and January 2015, in Mossoró, RN, Brazil (5º 11' 31" S; 37º 20' 40" W), the present work was conducted to evaluate strategies for the utilization of landfill leachate as source of water and nutrients in agriculture. For this, castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.), cv. BRS Energia, cultivated in eutrophic Red Yellow Argisol, were subjected to irrigation depth application strategies, namely: initial application of leachate corresponding to 20, 40, 60 and 80% of the irrigation depth and subsequent application of the remaining water depth percentage using public-supply water, plus one control, which consisted of irrigation with public-supply water + mineral fertilization recommended for the crop. These treatments were set in randomized blocks, with four replicates, totalizing twenty experimental plots. Mineral fertilization resulted in more expressive biometric responses at the beginning of the cycle; however, at the end, treatments based on leachate led to results, including of production, compatible with the control, especially plants irrigated with the 20% irrigation depth.
Highlights
IntroductionGiven its high polluting potential (Avramidou et al, 2013), the destination of landfill leachate (Vera-Romero et al, 2015) must not be considered separately from its high nutritional content (Nunes Júnior et al, 2016) especially for agriculture, provided that adequate soil conservation practices are performed (Coelho et al, 2015) and provided that it is applied in crops allowed by the legislation, such as oilseed crops.The use of other effluents in the cultivation of oilseed crops (Ricinus communis L.) has already been properly studied (Simões et al, 2013), as well as the effect of water stress and even the use of brackish and saline water (Brito et al, 2015), besides various other alternative sources of water in the production of oilseed crops (Ribeiro et al, 2012)
Significant contrast (p < 0.05) was found at 30 days after sowing (DAS), with a 21.42% higher results between plants in the control and those receiving 80% of landfill leachate (LL)
At 60 DAS, there was no significant variation (p > 0.05) in plant height (PH) between the control treatment and 20, 40 and 60% LL, and a decrease of 27.02% in PH was observed (p < 0.01) at 80% LL
Summary
Given its high polluting potential (Avramidou et al, 2013), the destination of landfill leachate (Vera-Romero et al, 2015) must not be considered separately from its high nutritional content (Nunes Júnior et al, 2016) especially for agriculture, provided that adequate soil conservation practices are performed (Coelho et al, 2015) and provided that it is applied in crops allowed by the legislation, such as oilseed crops.The use of other effluents in the cultivation of oilseed crops (Ricinus communis L.) has already been properly studied (Simões et al, 2013), as well as the effect of water stress and even the use of brackish and saline water (Brito et al, 2015), besides various other alternative sources of water in the production of oilseed crops (Ribeiro et al, 2012). Given its high polluting potential (Avramidou et al, 2013), the destination of landfill leachate (Vera-Romero et al, 2015) must not be considered separately from its high nutritional content (Nunes Júnior et al, 2016) especially for agriculture, provided that adequate soil conservation practices are performed (Coelho et al, 2015) and provided that it is applied in crops allowed by the legislation, such as oilseed crops. Studies focused on developing strategies for the agricultural use of landfill leachate are still incipient and scarce. Castor bean is a plant from the Euphorbiaceae family with C3 photosynthetic metabolism, rustic, heliophyte and well adapted to the peculiarities of the Brazilian semi-arid region (Severino et al, 2004). Regarding the nutritional requirement, Crusciol et al (2012) observed that the hybrid Savana extracted 31 to 155 kg of N, 3 to 17 kg of P, 13 to 71 kg of K, 12 to 56 kg of Ca, 4 to 28 kg of Mg and 7 to 29.5 kg of S per hectare in off season and season, respectively
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