Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are the main dental implant materials used at present. The biological properties of pure titanium can be further improved by surface treatment methods. Alkali treatment of pure titanium at room temperature can form nanonetwork structures (TNS) on the surface, which has better osteoinductive ability than pure titanium. However, TNS does not possess antimicrobial properties, and bacterial infection is one of the main reasons for the failure of dental implant therapy. Therefore, it was the focus of our research to endow TNS with certain antimicrobial properties on the premise of maintaining its osteoinductive ability. Because of its excellent broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and because it promotes osteoblast-like cell growth, lactoferrin (LF) was considered a promising prospect as a surface biological treatment material. In this study, bovine LF of physiological concentration was successfully coated on the surface of TNS to form the TNS-LF composite material. Results from in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that TNS-LF had better osteoinductive ability than TNS. Bacterial attachment and biofilm formation were also significantly decreased on the surface of TNS-LF. Therefore, this study has provided an experimental basis for the development of osteoinduction-antimicrobial composite implant materials for dental applications.
Highlights
With the increasing clinical use of dental implants and the expansion of indications for implant therapy, dental implants have become an important option for the treatment of patients with dentition defects and dentition loss [1,2,3]
The continuous scholarly indepth study of titanium and its alloy materials has revealed them as being increasingly multifunctional surfaces, that is, materials that can simultaneously respond to the colonization by different cells and infectious factors in order to better adapt to their clinical applications, which have become the focus of research on titanium materials in recent years [4,5,6]
Through the analysis of Ra and Rz on the surface of the two materials (Table 1), we found that both Ra and Rz of temperature can form nanonetwork structures (TNS)-LF were slightly increased compared with TNS
Summary
With the increasing clinical use of dental implants and the expansion of indications for implant therapy, dental implants have become an important option for the treatment of patients with dentition defects and dentition loss [1,2,3] This fact further highlights the need for scientific research towards promoting the continuous optimization of implant materials. Kim et al used alkali and heat treatment to improve the biological properties of these materials [8] Because this treatment is relatively simple and inexpensive and might be able to increase the possibilities of clinical applications, many researchers have subsequently carried out in-depth research on it [7, 9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. We did some research and found that UV irradiation can effectively improve the antimicrobial properties of TNS [15, 16]
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