Abstract
Lactobacillus strains have shown efficacy in attenuating inflammation. This study evaluated the potential of Lactobacillus fermentum PC1 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. On Day 1, healthy DBA/1 mice (six to eight weeks of age) were immunized, with 100 μg of Chicken Type 11 collagen emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) by intradermal injection, at the base of the tail. On Day 21, the mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 100 μg of Bovine Type11 collagen in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). On Day 28, the mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 50 μg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Viable L. fermentum PC1 (1 × 109 colony forming units) was given daily from Day two until the end of the experiment. From Day 21 onwards, the mice were monitored daily for clinical signs of arthritis. On Day 44, the experiment was terminated. Paws were obtained for histology and serum for cytokine assays. L. fermentum PC1-fed mice had significantly reduced paw inflammation as well as decreased synovial infiltration and less cartilage damage. Circulating serum cytokine profiles revealed decreased IL-12 and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-4 and IL-10. Thus, early administration of L. fermentum PC1 could prove to be a valuable therapeutic agent in the management of RA.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread, potentially disabling disease which affects around0.5–1.0% of the adult population worldwide
All arthrogenic strains of bacteria have the same variation in the peptidoglycan (PG) layer
We tested a panel of Lactobacillus strains for lysozyme sensitivity
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread, potentially disabling disease which affects around0.5–1.0% of the adult population worldwide. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread, potentially disabling disease which affects around. It is a systemic disease that results in symmetrical joint inflammation along with constitutional symptoms, such as fatigue and depression. The symptoms of arthritis include pain, disability, and quality of life, which result in a considerable burden to the individual, health services, and society. As demonstrated in published reports, affected mice develop swollen joints [1,2], with a massive infiltration of inflammatory cells and subsequent cartilage damage in the joint synovium [3]. The earliest therapies for RA, such as non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) treated the symptoms of RA. There are other therapeutic drugs available that provide not just relief from symptoms, and treat the disease (reviewed in [5,6])
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