Abstract
Laboratory investigations on azadirachtin to protect salted sun-dried fish from blowfly infestation were conducted by studying the effects of azadirachtin on the repellence, oviposition, larval growth and mortality of Chrysomya megacephala, in salted sun-dried fish during drying processing. The results on repellence and oviposition indicated that azadirachtin could repel C. megacephala and inhibit its oviposition on fish during drying days. When the salted fish were dipped for 1 min in aqueous azadirachtin preparation for a range of concentrations before sun-drying, repellence of 89.25, 95.61 and 100% in the morning and 55.56, 71.23 and 94.52% in the afternoon of the first drying day was obtained by azadirachtin at the concentrations of 18, 54 and 162 mg/L, respectively. The inhibit concentrations (IC) of azadirachtin were 21.54 and 167.75 mg/L during the first drying day, 31.52 and 286.67 mg/L during the second drying day for IC50 and IC95, respectively. The results on larval growth and mortality showed that azadirachtin strongly inhibited larval growth and had high toxicity on larvae in fish. Concentrations of 6, 18 and 54 mg/L gave corrected mortalities of larvae by 14.67, 44.67 and 86.67% as compared with the control group. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Azadirachtin, an extract from neem, is efficient in protecting salted sun-dried fish from Chrysomya megacephala infestation. Reductions of adult landing and egg laying on fish during drying processing result in azadirachtin having a repellent activity on adult blowfly and a potential inhibition on oviposition of blowfly on fish. Decreased growth rate and delayed larval pupation and high mortality of larvae make azadirachtin as growth deterrent and larvicide against blowfly larvae on fish. A 100% protection efficiency is obtained at the concentration of 160 mg/L azadirachtin, indicating that it is feasible to substitute chemical pesticides with azadirachtin for protecting salted sun-dried fish from blowfly infestation.
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