La disciplina dell’orario di lavoro nell’accordo integrativo aziendale per i ciclo-fattorini di Takeaway.com Express Italy (gruppo Just Eat)

The Marantaceae family is a diverse group of plants that has drawn the interest of scientists and researchers worldwide due to their distinctive morphological characteristics, ecological and economic relevance. The Bangladesh Agricultural University Botanical Garden is home to an abundance of Marantaceae species, making it a useful resource for examining the diversity and significance of this plant family. This present study was designed to survey and document the family Marantaceae with an overview of the family emphasizing its morphological, economic, and ethnobotanical relevance based on a literature review. During the study, we found 25 species (two of which have two varieties each) belonging to 8 genera of which Goeppertia contributed the most species, with 16, followed by Maranta with 4 (including varieties) and Thalia with 2; the remaining 5 genera each contributed one species. Our findings reveal the remarkable diversity and significance of Marantaceae plants in this region, highlighting the necessity for their conservation and protection.

Simple SummaryNeoplasia is a common cause of weight loss and emaciation. Despite its relative infrequency in sheep, there are three neoplastic diseases with special relevance. Small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA), ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) and enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) are three neoplastic diseases with economic impact in the sheep industry. They mostly occur at ages under common production cycles, have epidemiological relevance in sheep rearing countries, and two of them (OPA and ENA) have an infectious aetiology. SIA occurs elsewhere in the world but has a special economic impact in Australia and New Zealand. OPA and ENA have relevant economic significance in most continents but have not been recorded in Australia and New Zealand. In this review, we focus on the epidemiology, clinicopathological features, pathogenesis and the diagnostic tools currently available for the diagnosis of these three neoplastic diseases.We review three neoplastic wasting diseases affecting sheep generally recorded under common production cycles and with epidemiological and economic relevance in sheep-rearing countries: small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA), ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) and enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA). SIA is prevalent in Australia and New Zealand but present elsewhere in the world. This neoplasia is a tubular or signet-ring adenocarcinoma mainly located in the middle or distal term of the small intestine. Predisposing factors and aetiology are not known, but genetic factors or environmental carcinogens may be involved. OPA is a contagious lung cancer caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and has been reported in most sheep-rearing countries, resulting in significant economic losses. The disease is clinically characterized by a chronic respiratory process as a consequence of the development of lung adenocarcinoma. Diagnosis is based on the detection of JSRV in the tumour lesion by immunohistochemistry and PCR. In vivo diagnosis may be difficult, mainly in preclinical cases. ENA is a neoplasia of glands of the nasal mucosa and is associated with enzootic nasal tumour virus 1 (ENTV-1), which is similar to JSRV. ENA enzootically occurs in many countries of the world with the exception of Australia and New Zealand. The pathology associated with this neoplasia corresponds with a space occupying lesion histologically characterized as a low-grade adenocarcinoma. The combination of PCR and immunohistochemistry for diagnosis is advised.

The first Brazilian agricultural census in 1920 recorded that Minas Gerais produced half of the milk sold in the country and almost two thirds of the cheese, but accounted for only 20.6% of the country’s bovine cattle. Despite its economic relevance – in 2020 it was responsible for 35% of the agricultural GDP of Minas Gerais – dairy farming has not received significant historiographic attention. Drawing from diverse quantitative and qualitative sources, this article presents decisive aspects of dairy farming in Minas Gerais, which dates back to 18th century and gained strength in the nineteenth century thanks to consumer market growth, bovine milk aptitude and the early dissemination of an African forage crop known as “capim-gordura” (Melinis minutiflora).

This review provides the first historical account of the ecology and biology of common carp Cyprinus carpio in the Danube and Adriatic basins of Croatia, and emphasises the species’ economic relevance and management implications. As a semi-native species that is native to the Danube but translocated across the Adriatic Basin, carp plays an important role for aquaculture, recreational and artisanal fisheries. However, original strains have now disappeared, and because of genetic pollution in inland waters there is an increasing demand for restoring populations of the now rare and threatened wild carp, making conservation measures a priority. Translocations of carp across water bodies of the Adriatic Basin mostly for food supply did not prove successful in the long term, as the resulting ecological impacts may have been higher than the expected economic advantages. Measures for the prevention of further (uncontrolled) carp re-stocking are therefore necessary and this will require closer collaboration between scientists and environmental managers.

Identifying vulnerable habitats is necessary to designing and prioritizing efficient marine protected areas (MPAs) to sustain the renewal of living marine resources. However, vulnerable habitats rarely become MPAs due to conflicting interests such as fishing. We propose a spatial framework to help researchers and managers determine optimal conservation areas in a multi-species fishery, while also considering the economic relevance these species may have in a given society, even in data poor situations. We first set different ecological criteria (i.e. species resilience, vulnerability and trophic level) to identify optimal areas for conservation and restoration efforts, which was based on a traditional conservationist approach. We then identified the most economically relevant sites, where the bulk of fishery profits come from. We overlapped the ecologically and economically relevant areas using different thresholds. By ranking the level of overlap between the sites, representing different levels of conflicts between traditional conservation and fishing interests, we suggest alternatives that could increase fishers’ acceptance of protected areas. The introduction of some flexibility in the way conservation targets are established could contribute to reaching a middle ground where biological concerns are integrated with economic demands from the fishing sector.

Previous articleNext article No AccessReview EssayThe Commercialization of the University Derek Bok, Universities in the Marketplace: The Commercialization of Higher Education. (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2003), xi+233 pp., $29.95; David L. Kirp, Shakespeare, Einstein, and the Bottom Line: The Marketing of Higher Education. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2003), vii+328 pp., $35.00; Sheldon Krimsky, Science in the Private Interest: Has the Lure of Profits Corrupted Biomedical Research?. (Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003), xiv+247 pp., $27.95; Donald G. Stein, ed., Buying In or Selling Out? The Commercialization of the American University. (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2004), x+188 pp., $25.95.Roger L. GeigerRoger L. GeigerPennsylvania State University Search for more articles by this author Pennsylvania State UniversityPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Education Volume 110, Number 4August 2004 Sponsored by the Penn State College of Education Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/423354 Views: 167Total views on this site Citations: 6Citations are reported from Crossref © 2004 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Seyed Hedayat Davarpanah, , Reza Hoveida, , Ronald Barnett, , Hamid Javdani, , Abdolrasool Jamshidian, Ritualism as a Form of Academic Malfunctioning: Iranian Higher Education as a Case Study, Journal of Higher Education Policy And Leadership Studies 2, no.33 (Sep 2021): 30–56.https://doi.org/10.52547/johepal.2.3.30Joshua Travis Brown The Language of Leaders: Executive Sensegiving Strategies in Higher Education, American Journal of Education 127, no.22 (Dec 2020): 265–302.https://doi.org/10.1086/712113Margaret P. O’Mara Beyond town and gown: university economic engagement and the legacy of the urban crisis, The Journal of Technology Transfer 37, no.22 (Jul 2010): 234–250.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-010-9185-4Roger L Geiger The Quest For ‘Economic Relevance’ by US Research Universities, Higher Education Policy 19, no.44 (Dec 2006): 411–431.https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.hep.8300131Robert Kirby Goidel, John Maxwell Hamilton Strengthening Higher Education Through Gridiron Success? Public Perceptions of the Impact of National Football Championships on Academic Quality, Social Science Quarterly 87, no.44 (Dec 2006): 851–862.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2006.00439.xSTEPHEN W. PORGES Asserting the role of biobehavioral sciences in translational research: The behavioral neurobiology revolution, Development and Psychopathology 18, no.0303 (Aug 2006).https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579406060457

In the last three decades, the aquaculture sector has experienced a 527% growth, producing 82 million tons for a first sale value estimated at 250 billion USD. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites are the major causes of mortality and economic losses in commercial aquaculture. Some pathologies, especially those of bacterial origin, can be treated with commercially available drugs, while others are poorly managed. In fact, despite having been recognized as a useful preventive measure, no effective vaccination against many economically relevant diseases exist yet, such as for viral and parasitic infections. The objective of the present review is to provide the reader with an updated perspective on the most significant and innovative vaccine research on three key aquaculture commodities. European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were chosen because of their economic relevance, geographical distinctiveness, and representativeness of different culture systems. Scientific papers about vaccines against bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases will be objectively presented; their results critically discussed and compared; and suggestions for future directions given.

Treatments should be customized to patients to improve patients' health outcomes and maximize the treatment benefits. We aimed to identify meaningful data-driven trajectories of incident type 2 diabetes patients with similarities in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) patterns since diagnosis and to examine their clinical and economic relevance. A cohort of 1540 patients diagnosed in 2011-2012 was retrieved from electronic health records covering primary and specialized healthcare in the North Karelia region, Finland. EHRs data were compiled with medication purchase data. Average HbA1c levels, use of medications, and incidence of micro- and macrovascular complications and deaths were measured annually for seven years since T2D diagnosis. Trajectories were identified applying latent class growth models. Differences in 4-year cumulative healthcare costs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with non-parametric bootstrapping. Four distinct trajectories of HbA1c development during 7 years after T2D diagnosis were extracted: patients with "Stable, adequate" (66.1%), "Slowly deteriorating" (24.3%), and "Rapidly deteriorating" glycaemic control (6.2%) as well as "Late diagnosed" patients (3.4%). During the same period, 2.2 (95% CI 1.9-2.6) deaths per 100 person-years occurred in the "Stable, adequate" trajectory increasing to 3.2 (2.4-4.0) in the "Slowly deteriorating", 4.7 (3.1-6.9) in the "Rapidly deteriorating" and 5.2 (2.9-8.7) in the "Late diagnosed" trajectory. Similarly, 3.5 (95% CI 3.0-4.0) micro- and macrovascular complications per 100 person-years occurred in the "Stable, adequate" trajectory increasing to 5.1 (4.1-6.2) in the "Slowly deteriorating", 5.5 (3.6-8.1) in the "Rapidly deteriorating" and 7.3 (4.3-11.8) in the "Late diagnosed" trajectory. Patients in the "Stable, adequate" trajectory had lower accumulated 4-year medication costs than other patients. Data-driven patient trajectories have clinical and economic relevance and could be utilized as a step towards personalized medicine instead of the common "one-fits-for-all" treatment practices.

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT 543. ECONOMIC RELEVANCE – On 21 November 1973, the European Commission issued a Communication regarding a “Community Policy on Data Processing”. The Communication stressed the importance of having a flourishing European data processing industry and proposed several measures designed to promote its development. Although the Communication focused primarily on economic aspects of data processing, it also noted a need to establish “common measures” to protect citizens. 544. PARLIAMENTARY MOTIONS – In 1975, the Legal Affairs Committee of the European Parliament prepared an “own initiative” report, which contained a draft Resolution calling for a Directive on “individual freedom and data processing”. A Directive was deemed necessary not only for the protection of citizens, but also to avoid the development of conflicting legislation. The Resolution was passed, but the European Commission did not put forth any legislative proposals. The call for legislative action was repeated in 1976, 1979 and 1982. The Commission, however, preferred to await the completion of Convention 108 and then to urge Member States to ratify it. 545. THE PUSH FOR HARMONISATION – As the 1980s progressed, it soon became clear that not all Member States were rushing to ratify Convention 108. In 1985, the European Commission published a White Paper entitled “Completing the Internal Market”, which contained a timetable of completion by 1992. The continued fragmentation of national approaches to data protection presented a clear risk to the European vision of further integration. The political push for greater harmonisation provided optimal conditions for further Community action. In September 1990, the European Commission announced a series of proposed data protection measures, one of which was a proposal for a Council Directive concerning the protection of individuals in relation to the processing of personal data. 546. LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENT – The Commission proposal was met with mixed reviews. After almost two years of debate, the European Parliament published its first reading of the proposal, which contained more than 100 amendments. The Commission responded swiftly, releasing an amended proposal for the Directive six months later. The text was then transmitted to the Council, where the further progression of the document was delayed for more than two years due to a blocking minority.

The Quest For ‘Economic Relevance’ by US Research Universities

This paper was elaborated by more than 50 scientists from three dozen research institutions and agencies all over Europe. It provides key messages and graphs supported by thorough and more technical reviews of the corresponding scientific state of knowledge. The paper can help to address the information needs of a wide audience, including policy-makers at the European, national and sub-national level, non-governmental organizations, and the wider public. The analysis of the state of the cryosphere in Europe is based on in-situ and remote sensing observations, and modelling. The paper covers Svalbard, Iceland, Scandinavia, the European Alps, the Tatra Mountains, the Pyrenees, as well as the Baltic Sea. It assesses the primary impact of climate change on the cryospheric components such as snow cover, glaciers and ice caps, permafrost, lake and river ice, and sea ice; as well as related secondary impacts on avalanches, landslides and rock slope failures, and glacier floods.

* Introduction * Technology Transfer as University Mission * Universities and the Two Paths to Innovation * Research Policies Promoting Economic Relevance * Patenting and Licensing University Technologies * Economic Relevance and the Academic Core * Economic Relevance in the Twenty-first Century * Notes * Index

"Economic relevance" in pharmacoeconomic studies.

This book has attempted to look inside the “black box” of non-R&D-intensive sectors and firms to investigate their economic relevance, competitiveness, and innovativeness. Given that non-R&D-intensive sectors and firms used to be neglected both as innovators and innovation drivers by the mainstream innovation literature, this anthology reflects the latest research from different collaborative projects at Fraunhofer ISI. Although the presented research focuses on the German manufacturing industry, the results are broadly relevant, as they reflect economic and structural patterns that are likely present—to varying degrees—in other industrialised countries. For instance, other industrialised countries within and beyond the EU even have higher shares of non-R&D-intensive firms and industries than Germany. Starting with an overview of the research from the past decade (Chap. 2), which has shown that non-R&D-intensive sectors and firms play an important role in national competitiveness and innovativeness in developed economies, eight chapters have provided details from different analytical angles on the six leading research questions stated in the editorial of the book.

This study uses data on consumer credit provided by a German retail and trading company along with generalized additive models to analyze nonlinear relationships and their effect on predicting the probability of default in the context of consumer credit scoring. In particular, this study examines which aspects of the contract and which characteristics of the debtor are nonlinearly related to the probability that specific debtors will default on the loans they are seeking to obtain. The findings of our analysis provide clear empirical evidence that certain contract and debtor characteristics have nonlinear and nonmonotonic effects on the probability that a specific debtor will default on their consumer credit. The results of our analysis and the forms that these nonlinear relationships take are interpreted with regard to their economic relevance. Specifically, the study shows that the nonlinear relationships identified are economically relevant because they take into account the costs of a range of misclassification errors. On the basis of this evidence, the study recommends that analysts include nonlinear relationships in the models they design to predict consumer default, although including such relationships increases the complexity of the models that are applied for this purpose.