Abstract
This text presents an analysis of the emergence and scientific construction of sex based on a historiographic analysis which includes the period from the end of the 18th century to the 20th century. This analysis shows that the development of this scientific knowledge has operated from a triple coproduction of (i) taxonomies and nomenclatures, (ii) etiologies and, (iii) regimes of subjectivity. In the same way I propose that in this history of science in the twentieth century, a third model on sex emerged, following the historization proposed by Thomas Laqueur, which was fundamental not only to enable the material existence of new sexual identities but also to understand the social and political context of the era on the western stage. This text helps to develop and better understand the relationship between science, sex-gender and subjectivity making the history of science a fundamental tool to begin a dialogue on the problems of our present.
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