Abstract
L‐serine is classified as a non‐essential amino acid; however, L‐serine is indispensable having a central role in a broad range of cellular processes. Growing evidence suggests a role for L‐serine in the development of diabetes mellitus and its related complications, with L‐serine being positively correlated to insulin secretion and sensitivity. L‐serine metabolism is altered in type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, and L‐serine supplementations improve glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial function, and reduce neuronal death. Additionally, L‐serine lowers the incidence of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Dietary supplementations of L‐serine are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) by the FDA. Therefore, we believe that L‐serine should be considered as an emerging therapeutic option in diabetes, although work remains in order to fully understand the role of L‐serine in diabetes.
Highlights
L-serine metabolism is altered in type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, and L-serine supplementations improve glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial function, and reduce neuronal death
All forms of diabetes have tremendous effects on whole-body metabolism, and tight control of blood glucose is needed to reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, for example, peripheral neuropathy including retinopathy, nephropathy, and heart attacks
LSerine is associated with an improved glucose tolerance after a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test, no correlation was found to the development of type 2 diabetes. Another link between Lserine and blood glucose homeostasis comes from the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a type 1 diabetes mouse model, in which we found that L-serine supplementation reduces insulitis and diabetes incidence (43%) compared to controls (71%) [28]
Summary
HOLM and KARSTEN BUSCHARD The Bartholin Institute, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen N, Denmark Growing evidence suggests a role for L-serine in the development of diabetes mellitus and its related complications, with L-serine being positively correlated to insulin secretion and sensitivity. L-serine metabolism is altered in type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, and L-serine supplementations improve glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial function, and reduce neuronal death.
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