L'espace rural rhônalpin. Dynamisme démographique et migrations résidentielles

Abstract

Rural Areas of Rhône-Alpes. Population Dynamics and residential Mobility. Between 1990 and 1999, the rural areas of Rhône-Alpes experienced a notable demographic growth, superior to what the urban areas experienced. As with the rest of the French rural areas, this demographic upswing, which can be traced to the late "70s, is due to the renewed attractiveness of those areas, not quite to the natural component: more than 80% of the growth in Rhône-Alpes rural areas is accounted for by migratory balance. The sociodemographic structure of the rural areas remains markedly different from that of the cities: the rural population is older, thus showing a relatively large number of retired people. During the 1990-1999 intercensal period, a net 56.200 people migrated to rural Rhône- Alpes from the metropolitan urban areas. The 15-29 age group (in 1999) is the only one for which the balance is in favor of the urban areas. Still, rural areas appear to be very appealing to families with children. Urban populations are most attracted by the rural communities at the edge of urban centers. Rural centers are more often declining. Lack of urban equipment, poor public transportation service or enclosure do not discourage urban dwellers in search of a finer living environment. The most attractive communities are those least equipped. Migrants to the rural areas of Rhône-Alpes come from a rather broad geographic area, while those leaving rural for urban areas do not tend to go as far away. Migrants from the Paris basin clearly outnumber those going from rural Rhône-Alpes to the Parisian urban centers. Whether they leave from or move to the rural areas, the young adults aged 25 to 29 are those travelling the farthest. Distance covered also varies with the type of urban area, regardless it is the origin or the destination. one for which the balance is in favor of the urban areas. Still, rural areas appear to be very appealing to families with children. Urban populations are most attracted by the rural communities at the edge of urban centers. Rural centers are more often declining. Lack of urban equipment, poor public transportation service or enclosure do not discourage urban dwellers in search of a finer living environment. The most attractive communities are those least equipped. Migrants to the rural areas of Rhône-Alpes come from a rather broad geographic area, while those leaving rural for urban areas do not tend to go as far away. Migrants from the Paris basin clearly outnumber those going from rural Rhône-Alpes to the Parisian urban centers. Whether they leave from or move to the rural areas, the young adults aged 25 to 29 are those travelling the farthest. Distance covered also varies with the type of urban area, regardless it is the origin or the destination.