Kulturna i ekonomska vrednost sportskih manifestacija u ruračnim sredinama - medijski i pravni kontekst

ADMINISTRATIVE AND CIVIL LEGAL REGULATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES' ACTIVITY IN THE SPHERE OF ELECTRONIC MONEY TURNOVER TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PUBLICITY AND TRANSPARENCY PRINCIPLES

The article deals with the issue of legal support for small and medium-sized enterprises as reflected in current legal regulations in the Law on Support for Small and Medium Enterprises 2017 and other legal documents such as Decree No. 55/2019 of the Government on legal support for small and medium-sized enterprises. The analysis and synthesis method is mainly used to clarify the problems of current laws on legal support for enterprises and legal proposals to improve the quality of legal support activities for small and medium-sized enterprises. In particular, the focus is on clarifying the limitations related to specific legal regulations on criteria for recognizing legal consultants and regulations on funding for legal support consultants for small and medium-sized enterprises. In particular, current laws have not specifically regulated the proposals for developing assessment principles and criteria for assessing legal support activities for small and medium-sized enterprises. Keywords: Legal support; small and medium enterprises; law

In general, the implementation of MSMEs has not implemented good organizational governance, especially in the principles of transparency and accountability. This study aims to examine and analyze the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, especially the owners and managers of MSMEs in implementing organizational governance, in the city of Surabaya. This research is an exploratory study with survey design. Population and sample of this study took UMKM in the city of Surabaya. The results of this study can be concluded that the principle of transparency as a whole has not been realized properly. On the principle of accountability related to responsibility in compiling reports on organizational activities and the implementation of monitoring and evaluation of the work of employees can be said to be quite good. While the principle of responsibility as a whole is said not to materialize. On the principle of independence, the authority to coordinate daily operational tasks does not materialize. And on the principle of reasonableness indicates that there are still management interventions from the owner / family

Problem setting. In Ukraine, state support for small businesses was introduced in 2000. Currently, the mechanism of state support of economic entities is regulated by a number of acts of national legislation. However, the place of the legal institution of state support in the system of economic law, its relationship with state aid, the criteria for the admissibility of state aid in the context of the unification of national legislation with EU legislation continue to remain debatable in the science of economic law. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Economic and legal problems of small and medium-sized enterprises and their state support were studied by many domestic and foreign scientists. Only recently, these issues were considered in the collective monograph of the Research Institute of Legal Support of Innovative Development of the National Academy of Sciences, the monograph of D.S. Korytin, who studied the legal regulation of the economic activity of small and medium-sized enterprises, the dissertations of Feofanova I.M., who considered the economic and legal aspect of the admissibility of state aid and Petrova N.O., who studied the administrative and legal principles of monitoring state aid sub economic entities in Ukraine. Purpose of the research is to determine the place of the institute of state support of small and medium-sized enterprises in the system of economic law of Ukraine. Аrticle’s main body. Small and medium-sized enterprises play a significant role in the world economy. However, the operating conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine are difficult. Obstacles are the imperfection and burdensomeness of the taxation system, the presence of administrative obstacles, unsettled issues of financing and lending, low level of state financial support, underdeveloped infrastructure supporting entrepreneurship, etc. Currently, to these reasons added the negative consequences of Russia’s full-scale aggression. Such an effective tool as state support helps small and medium-sized enterprises overcome the consequences of the war and develop their activities in the post-war period. Therefore, strengthening the state support for small and mediumsized enterprises and improving the mechanism of its provision is an extremely urgent issue for our state The activity of small and medium-sized enterprises is very important for the economy of Ukraine. In wartime, their effective activity contributes to increasing budget revenues and reducing unemployment, and in the post-war period should become the very lever that will accelerate the growth of the economy and the reconstruction of the country. However, the Economic Code of Ukraine contains regulations on state support and protection of all economic entities. and support of small and medium-sized enterprises is not the state’s priorities Conclusions and prospects for the development Small and medium-sized enterprises play a significant role in the economy of Ukraine. In wartime, their effective activity contributes to the increase of revenues to the budget and the reduction of unemployment, and in the postwar period, it should become the very lever that will accelerate the growth of the economy and the reconstruction of the country. On the other hand, the priority of state policy regarding the support and development of small and medium-sized enterprises is not fixed in the Economic Code of Ukraine, which needs to be corrected. The list of means of state regulation of economic activity contained in Article 12 of the Economic Code of Ukraine should be supplemented by such an institution of economic law as state support for small and medium-sized enterprises.

The system of principles governing service in the State Bureau of Investigations is examined. It is noted that service in the State Bureau of Investigations, like any other law enforcement agency, is based on a system of principles. The principles are the basic provisions underlying service and concentratedly reflect the patterns of relevant social relations, permeating the entire mechanism of legal regulation and determining the organisational structure of social relations in the State Bureau of Investigations. The views of scholars on the list of principles of civil service and service in law enforcement agencies have been studied. National legislation that enshrines the principles of civil service and the foundations of the organisation and activities of the State Bureau of Investigations has been researched. Attention is drawn to the lack of unanimity in the approaches of scholars to defining the range of principles of civil service and service in law enforcement agencies, as well as to the differences in the lists of relevant principles in the Ukrainian laws “On Civil Service” and “On the State Bureau of Investigations”. It has been established that the principles of service in the State Bureau of Investigations can be divided into general and special principles. General principles include: the principle of the rule of law; the principle of legality; the principle of justice; the principle of equality; the principle of transparency. Special principles include: the principle of voluntary recruitment; the principle of prohibition of coercion to perform duties not provided for in the contract and job description; the principle of non-partisanship; the principle of patriotism; the principle of impartiality; the principle of ensuring fair, safe and healthy conditions of service; the principle of independence; the principle of professionalism and efficiency; the principle of integrity; the principle of personal safety and social protection; the principle of personal responsibility and inevitability of punishment; the principle of unity of command. The above principles are considered and recommendations for improving the relevant national legislation are proposed.

This study analyzed annual earnings press releases and local and national newspaper coverage of those earnings for 207 of Fortune's America's Most Admired companies to explore intermedia agenda setting and relationships with reputation. The annual earnings press releases were found to have the greatest relationship with the positive content in local media coverage and negative content in national media coverage. The reputation, as determined by sophisticated investors, was related to the neutrality of the annual earnings press release in combination with the length of local and national newspaper coverage.

Introduction. The organization of partnership relations between the state and business in the field of energy security of Ukraine requires a comprehensive approach based on joint responsibility, transparency, mutually beneficial cooperation and innovative development. The main principles of interaction between the state and business in the field of energy security are the principle of joint responsibility; the principle of transparency and openness; the principle of mutually beneficial cooperation; the principle of sustainable development; the principle of innovativeness; principle of legal regulation; the principle of cyber security; the principle of adaptability. The implementation of these principles will ensure the stability of the country's energy system, contribute to the attraction of investments in the field of renewable energy and increase national security as a whole. Each country has developed its own approaches to the organization of partnership between business and government in the field of energy security, has its own peculiarities in the management of the energy sector, depending on political, economic and geographical factors. How successfully companies will be able to join forces with the state and public organizations in the formation of an active social development strategy will depend on the competitiveness and efficiency of the business itself. Individual states are gradually losing the ability to independently form internal socio-economic policies, giving way to transnational corporations. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to form a system of principles of effective partnership between business and government in the field of energy security of Ukraine based on the methodology of developed countries of the world. Materials and methods. The methodology of this study is based on a comprehensive approach that covers theoretical and practical aspects of interaction between business and government in the field of energy security of Ukraine. To achieve the goals of the study, a number of methods were used to examine partnerships between the public and private sectors at various levels, as well as to investigate their impact on the country's energy security. The results. The main principles of interaction between the state and business in the field of energy security are the principle of joint responsibility; the principle of transparency and openness; the principle of mutually beneficial cooperation; the principle of sustainable development; the principle of innovativeness; principle of legal regulation; the principle of cyber security; the principle of adaptability. The first stage of the research was the development of existing theories and concepts on energy security, as well as the interaction between business and the state in economic and social processes. An important aspect of this stage is the analysis of the legal framework of Ukraine, which regulates energy issues and partnership relations between the public and private sectors. Attention was paid to regulatory documents such as the "Law of Ukraine on Energy", as well as international agreements and standards that affect the energy sector of Ukraine. The theoretical analysis also covered the study of scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers on energy security, public-private partnership (PPP) models in different countries and their effectiveness in the context of energy strategies. The application of a systemic approach allowed considering energy security as a multifactorial process covering political, economic, technical and environmental aspects. This approach contributed to the identification of the main elements of energy security and the interaction between business and government, which affect the development of the energy sector. The system analysis made it possible to consider the energy security of Ukraine as a component of national security, as well as to assess the role of the partnership between the state and business in this process. In particular, an analysis of energy threats, possible scenarios for the development of the energy sector of Ukraine and potential ways of overcoming them through cooperation between the state and the private sector was carried out. Empirical data was used to analyze real examples of partnership between business and the state in the field of energy security of Ukraine. In particular, an analysis of successful PPP projects in the energy sector, such as the construction and modernization of energy infrastructure, the introduction of renewable energy sources and the improvement of energy efficiency, was carried out. The method of comparative analysis was used to assess the effectiveness of partnership relations between business and government. In particular, the experience of the countries of the European Union in the field of partnership organization in the energy sector was analyzed. Particular attention is paid to countries with similar conditions to Ukraine, such as Poland and Lithuania, as well as their models of cooperation between state structures and business to ensure energy independence. The comparison made it possible to single out the key aspects of a successful partnership and identify the main problems that stand in the way of implementing effective PPPs in Ukraine, in particular, the issues of corruption, bureaucracy and the lack of clear control mechanisms for project implementation. Prospects. Strengthening energy security requires an effective partnership between the state and business, as both parties play a key role in the development, implementation and maintenance of infrastructure and strategies,

The purpose of the article is to analyze the economic and legal policy in the security sphere in non-banking financial services market in Ukraine. Methodology. General scientific methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction and modeling) and special methods (logical and legal method, axiomatic method) were used, with the help of which the essence of economic and legal policy in the security sphere in the non-banking financial services market in Ukraine was revealed. Results. Ensuring the Ukrainian state's own path of development and its integration into world processes are inextricably linked with the reform of the financial system and the improvement of legal regulation. This is necessary to achieve compliance with modern development trends and international standards. The functioning of any state is impossible without proper financial support, an effective legal mechanism, as well as clearly defined tasks and objectives of activity. Nowadays the issues of the ensuring financial stability and security are the key elements, since it depends on their condition that the realization of national interests and sustainable development of the country. The modern economy is unthinkable without the financial services market, which serves as the basis for the provision and consumption of financial services. These services contribute to the formation of financial resources that are directed to the economic development of both the state as a whole and individual business entities. The financial services market is a key element in ensuring the development of all sectors of the national economy, creating conditions for the expansion and modernization of production. The progress in such areas as industry, entrepreneurship, trade, medicine, science and other important sectors is impossible without the active use of financial instruments in the modern world. The legal principles for implementing state policy in ensuring security sphere in the non-banking financial sector (NFS) constitutes a system of legal norms enshrined in the current legislation of Ukraine, subordinate regulations, as well as in program and strategic documents. These principles determine the purpose, objectives, rules, order and procedures of the activities of authorized entities in the context of regulating and developing relations in NFS. Their main purpose is to ensure the implementation of social and economic rights and freedoms of citizens, their legal protection in case of violations, creating conditions for sustainable economic growth, increasing the competitiveness of national economy. Usually, these norms are enshrined in by-laws adopted by state regulatory entities operating within the principles of NSF. The norms of administrative legislation are the basis of administrative and legal regulation aimed at implementing state policy. Their characteristic feature is a clear definition of the scope of action (limits of legal regulation), which covers the subject area of work of public administration bodies and managerial social relations that arise in the process of their performance of power and organizational functions. It is also important to emphasize the importance of interaction between regulatory entities and financial market participants. This interaction is based on the principles of transparency, legality and responsibility. The use of innovative approaches to regulation, digitization of control processes and increasing financial awareness among market participants contribute to reducing risks in financial security sphere. Strengthening the institutional capacity of bodies responsible for supervision and regulation is a key factor for the effective implementation of state policy in non-banking financial sector. The constant updating of the regulatory framework, in accordance with modern challenges and international standards, is an urgent need in this regard. Practical implications. It should be noted that the norms of administrative law are formed to regulate public relations of a managerial nature that arise between the state and the subjects of NFS. The difference between these relations is that one of the parties is the state represented as a public administration body endowed with power. This body has the right to demand compliance with certain legal behavior from other participants, such as the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), the National Securities and Stock Market Commission (NSSMC), etc. This creates an effective tool for implementing regulatory policy in the financial services sector in practice. It covers the processes of licensing, supervision, inspections, application of administrative sanctions and issuance of mandatory regulations for implementation. These measures are aimed at preventing violations, ensuring transparency of financial institutions and strengthening confidence in the financial market as a whole. In modern conditions, special emphasis is placed on the implementation of a risk-based approach to supervision. This allows the regulator to focus its resources on the most vulnerable market segments and those entities whose activities may pose a threat to financial stability. This approach involves a deep analysis of financial companies' internal processes, their corporate governance, financial reporting, and compliance with consumer protection standards.

Ukraine continues to develop its own approach to the legal regulation of artificial intelligence, with due regard to the international standards developed to date. One of the objectives of the proposed legal regulation is to ensure it remains balanced and flexible so that it does not hinder further technological developments, while also protecting the rights of individuals who might be affected by AI systems, including data subject rights, insofar as AI systems involve certain personal data processing operations. For these purposes, a theoretical and legal discussion regarding the main aspects of AI regulation at the European Union level — currently the leading authority in this field — is important. Its risk-based regulatory framework and existing transparency requirements should be properly considered in Ukraine, especially in light of Ukraine’s commitment to implement the EU acquis in accordance with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.The discourse on AI regulation in the EU and beyond demonstrates that AI technologies—their development and subsequent use—must be transparent, with transparency often construed broadly. Notably, transparency itself is an important safeguard against AI-related abuses and a prerequisite for implementing other key principles of AI regulation, particularly accountability and responsibility on the part of AI system developers and deployers. At the same time, transparency is a complex requirement, and its application requires consideration of the peculiarities of AI technology itself and existing legislative limitations, including those relating to personal data protection and the protection of intellectual property rights.The article explores the prerequisites for the emergence of the transparency requirement for AI systems, confirms the importance of transparency in the context of AI regulation, and examines the theoretical and legal aspects of this principle and its transformation into regulatory requirements at the EU level.

The main focus of this article is the legal basis of the duty of confidentiality and its content during the procedures of public procurement and during the disputes regarding the legality of decisions made by the contracting authorities. Only those cases which are associated with contracting authorities’ duty to keep information of other suppliers confidential are analyzed. The actual problems are related to the requests of a supplier in order to get certain information about other suppliers in pre-trial disputes and during litigation.The legal basis of the duty of confidentiality is established in national law as well as in European Union Directives. Due to the relatively laconic legal regulation, case law becomes very important, which provides additional rules and practical solutions to the problems that arise. In order to analyze the legal basis of the duty of confidentiality, at first the conception of confidential information should be determined. The conception of confidential information is disclosed in other branches of the law. Secondly, the limits of duty to keep information confidential should be analyzed. However, the duty of confidentiality during the procurement procedures and legal disputes has its own specifics. The duty of confidentiality should be balanced with the principle of transparency, basically meaning the requirement of publicity during public procurement procedures. The principle of transparency is very important, because if this principle is violated, it is sufficient to require the court to declare illegal actions made by contracting authority.The general criteria for information to be held as confidential are also applicable to the public procurement of legal relationship, but there are some specific criteria. The principle of transparency often causes a conflict between the duty of confidentiality and publicity. However, it is necessary to disclose certain information, which means that public procurement legal regulation should be interpreted so as to allow the greatest possible opportunities to ensure transparency. Also, the duty of confidentiality quite often contradicts the public interest to ensure the transparent and legal public procedures. As a result, the public interest in public procurement litigation requires the court to be active and, if necessary, to collect evidence – if necessary, even the supplier’s confidential information. The active role of the court is necessary to ensure transparent and legal public procurement procedures.

Resource support of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises for space industry development in Russia

The relevance of the work is due to the presence of many factors that influence the process of implementing the principles of social responsibility of small and medium-sized businesses. There are a certain number of drivers for the development of social responsibility of business, characteristic of small and medium-sized en-terprises. The aim of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the implementation of the principles of social responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises. Thin the framework of the theoretical part of the imple-mented research, the works of both domestic and foreign researchers were analyzed, whose scientific interests were formed around the peculiarities of the implementation of social responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises. Especially noteworthy are the works of R. Turnaev, A. Vavilina, V. Lukashevich, N. Vovchenko, O. Andreeva, M. Izmailova, and others. Also, as part of the analysis of secondary data, a comparative analysis of the research results of scientists in the field of the specifics of social responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises was carried out. An expert survey was also conducted as part of the study (n = 27). The key drivers of the development of social responsibility of small and medium-sized enterprises are considered, their role in the development of the concept of social efficiency is revealed. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the inte-gration of the principles of social responsibility in the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises is one of the most important components determining its development in the context of actualization of the sustainable development agenda.

This study aims to determine the influence of the principle of accountability, the principle of transparency, and the principle of responsibility for Good Governance on the quality of financial statements with the competence of human resources as a moderation variable in Greja Kristen Jawi Wetan Rejoagung, Semboro District, Jember. The method of data collection in this study is the distribution of questionnaires to church administrators and staff that are directly related to church finances. The population used in this study is church administrators and staff who are directly related to church finances with a population of 20 people. The sample return technique used is a saturated sampling technique. The analysis method used is moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results showed that the principle of transparency and the principle of responsibility affect the quality of financial statements while the principle of accountability does not affect the quality of financial statements. Human resource competence cannot moderate the relationship of accountability to the quality of financial statements, but human resource competence can moderate transparency and responsibility for the quality of financial statements.

Relevance. Small and medium-sized enterprises play a significant economic and social role in the development of the regional economy. In the case of real state support, prerequisites are created for the growth of business activity of small and medium-sized businesses. All the above circumstances actualize the topic of scientific publication. The purpose of the study is to assess the achieved results of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises, which will serve as a basis for the formation of promising areas for improving the mechanism of this support. Objectives: to evaluate the results of the achieved results of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the subject of the Russian Federation; to differentiate and correlate the types of state support for small and medium-sized businesses to organizations that form the infrastructure of this support; to identify promising areas for improving the mechanism of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the subject of the Russian Federation. Methodology. The research used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis; specific methods: monographic, abstract-logical and content analysis, methods of socio-economic forecasting and program-target planning. Results. The authors evaluated the results of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the subject of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the assessment, an increase in interest on the part of the state in supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has been established, which is expressed both in quantitative and qualitative terms. The authors differentiated and correlated the existing types of support to organizations that form the support infrastructure for small and medium-sized business entities in the selected subject of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. There is an increase in interest on the part of the state in supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which gives grounds to continue working in this direction. A promising area of support for the development of small and medium-sized businesses should be the creation of regional models of the university of entrepreneurs, which will allow implementing an educational component into the current mechanism of state support that can form business competencies for future technological entrepreneurs.

Settlements are complex systems that operate on the basis of many dimensions and aspects and the active participation of local communities, settlement leaders and residents is essential for successful development and ensuring a sustainable futureinfluencing the identity, power relations and community relations of the people living there. The task of local organizations is to help building the community and the support of local initiatives. Public services and infrastructure support the operation ofsettlements and the quality of life of the population, while economic segments such as retail trade, industry and tourism have their highlighted importance in terms of economic development. Settlements are multifaceted entities that are defined not onlyby residences, but also by community life, the economy, the environment and local institutions. Cities are centers of economic activity, where jobs are created, businesses operate and develop. The settlement philosophy can help to create economic structures that are diversified, resistant to crises and support local economic growth. So the importance of the ideas of settlement philosophy and their necessary exmination related to the fact that settlements are the scene of human life, such areas that are environmentally sustainable, socially just and economically prosperous. The leaders of the settlement, residents and local organizations must conduct an open dialogue and strive for cooperation in matters affecting the settlement, thereby ensuring the pursuit of sustainable economic, social and environmental development. The principles of transparency, responsibility, equality and integrity must be respected by all involved participants, but ethical thinking and value-oriented decisions can help the development of settlements and promoting the well-being of the community.