Abstract
Kudzu is a traditional medicinal dietary supplement, and recent research has shown its significant benefits in the prevention/treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Starch is one of the main substances in Kudzu that contribute decisively to the treatment of T2DM. However, the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity is not clear. In this study, the effect of Kudzu resistant starch supplementation on the insulin resistance, gut physical barrier, and gut microbiota was investigated in T2DM mice. The result showed that Kudzu resistant starch could significantly decrease the value of fasting blood glucose and the levels of total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein, as well as low-density lipoprotein, in the blood of T2DM mice. The insulin signaling sensitivity in liver tissue was analyzed; the result indicated that intake of different doses of Kudzu resistant starch can help restore the expression of IRS-1, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and Glut4 and thus enhance the efficiency of insulin synthesis. Furthermore, the intestinal microorganism changes before and after ingestion of Kudzu resistant starch were also analyzed; the result revealed that supplementation of KRS helps to alleviate and improve the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM. These results validated that Kudzu resistant starch could improve the glucose sensitivity of T2DM mice by modulating IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/Glut4 signaling transduction. Kudzu resistant starch can be used as a promising prebiotic, and it also has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota structure of T2DM mice.
Highlights
Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine and a medicinal vegetable widely distributed in subtropical and temperate regions such as Southern China, Japan, and Vietnam [1, 2]
The blood glucose values of the positive control mice were maintained at a high level and showed a slightly increasing trend
Different doses of Kudzu resistant starch (KRS) all showed good hypoglycemic efficacy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice, and the hypoglycemic effect was better in the resistant starch (RSH) and RSM groups
Summary
Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine and a medicinal vegetable widely distributed in subtropical and temperate regions such as Southern China, Japan, and Vietnam [1, 2]. The active components and pharmacological effects of Kudzu have received widespread attention [3, 4]. It is commonly used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases due to the presence of therapeutically active components such as isoflavones, saponins, and starch [5]. Resistant starch cannot be digested in the small intestine but can be fermented in the colon [12]. It is used as a functional product to lower glucose, gradually replacing traditional starch products
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