Korporativno upravljanje i korporativna kultura - uticaj na izbegavanje poreza i društvena odgovornost preduzeća

This study examines the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure and tax avoidance, with CEO Overconfidence considered as a moderating factor. The research focuses on non-cyclical consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022-2024 period. Using annual and sustainability reports, the analysis employs multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA). Robust standard errors based on the Newey-West method are applied to ensure reliable estimation. The results indicate that CSR disclosure does not have a significant direct effect on tax avoidance. However, CEO Overconfidence significantly moderates the relationship between CSR disclosure and tax avoidance, highlighting the role of executive behavioral characteristics in corporate tax decisions. These findings suggest that CSR disclosure alone is insufficient to explain firms’ tax avoidance behavior without considering managerial traits. The study contributes to the literature by integrating behavioral perspectives into tax avoidance research and emphasizing the importance of executive oversight in aligning CSR practices with responsible tax behavior.

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporate governance (CG), corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure, and economic consequences. Broadly speaking, the CG variables consist of ownership structure and management/control structure. The CSR disclosure variables consist of economic, environmental, social, human rights, societal, and product responsibility dimensions. The economic consequences variables consist of bid-ask spreads, trading volume, and share price volatility. The hypotheses are tested using a structural equation modeling analysis with 210 samples of listed firms on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2014. The result of this study is as follows: (1) the effect of the proportion of board of directors from the board of commissioners and the audit committee on the CSR disclosure is positive and significant; (2) the effect of the proportion of independent commissioners and the audit committee from the board of commissioners, the audit committee, and the board of directors on CSR disclosure is positive and significant; and (3) the effect of CSR disclosure on trading volume is positive and significant. The main implication of this study is that CSR disclosure activities have a very important role in meeting stakeholders’ interests and ensuring the sustainability of the company long-term. In addition, CSR disclosure is considered to be an assertion of a company’s brand differentiation, which means obtaining operating licenses both from the government and society, and the company’s risk management strategy.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of corporate governance and corporate profitability on corporate value with corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure as the intervening variable.Design/methodology/approachThe population of this study was all companies listed in Indonesia, China and India Stock Exchange in 2013-2016. The inferential statistics used in this study applied the partial least square-based (PLS-based) structural equation model (SEM) method with PLS. The PLS method was selected based on the consideration that there was a construct formed with reflective indicators in this study.FindingsIn Indonesia, corporate governance and corporate profitability have a significant and positive effect on CSR disclosure. Similarly, CSR disclosure and corporate profitability have a significant and positive impact on corporate value. Corporate governance indirectly influences corporate value, through mediation CSR disclosure. In China, corporate governance and corporate profitability have a significant and positive effect on CSR disclosure. Similarly, CSR disclosure and corporate governance have a significant and positive impact on corporate value. Corporate profitability indirectly affects corporate value, through mediation CSR disclosure. In India, corporate governance and corporate profitability have a significant and positive effect on CSR disclosure. The same thing is seen that CSR disclosure has a significant and positive effect on corporate value. Corporate governance and corporate profitability influence indirectly corporate value, through mediation CSR disclosure.Originality/valueThe study is one of the few studies to investigate and compare the relationship between corporate governance, corporate profitability, CSR and corporate value. The originality of this study is on the reason that many studies that have been conducted still indicated the inconsistency in the results and diversity of the indicators, so that a similar study was conducted by involving the indicators used for measuring the corporate governance variable, which were the proportion of independent commissioners and audit committee. Meanwhile, for the corporate profitability variable, ROA and ROE were used as the indicators. The originality of this study is that it is a comparative study in three countries in Asia, namely, China, India and Indonesia. The three countries have the highest population and highest economic growth in the past five years.

The Effect of Ownership Structure and Iso 14001 Certification on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure with Company Size as A Moderating Variable

This study aims to examine the effect of corporatesocial responsibility disclosure on tax avoidance with corporate governance as moderation variable. The disclosure of corporate social responsibility in this study is measured using performance indicators from Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) 4.1. The score of corporate governance is measured using ASEAN CG Scorecard, while tax avoidance is measured by Cash ETR. The sample in this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018. This study refers to Lanis and Richardson (2012) which found that, the higher the disclosure of social responsibility, the lower the tax avoidance. This study also refers to Salhi et al. (2019) which found that, if corporate governance has been performed well, companies are less likely to do tax avoidance. The results of the study showed that corporate social responsibility and corporate governance had no effect on tax avoidance. Likewise, corporate governance cannot moderate the effect of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidanceKeywords: corporate social responsibility disclosure, corporate governance, tax avoidance, GRI, Asean CG Scorecard, Cash ETR


 This study aims to determine the effect of good corporate governance and corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance. good corporate governance is proxied by the independent commissioner and the audit committee, while corporate social responsibility is proxied by the corporate social responsibility disclosure index (CSRDI) and tax avoidance is proxied by the current ETR. corporate social responsibility disclosure index and measured based on the global reporting initiative 4.0. The population in this study are food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2022, namely 31 companies. The research sample consisted of 17 companies or 68 observational data selected by purposive sampling method. The data used is secondary data obtained from the website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and the data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study prove that the independent commissioner and corporate social responsibility have a significant effect on tax avoidance, while the audit committee has no effect on tax avoidance. independent commissioners have an effect on tax avoidance because commissioners play an active role in supervising the actions of company management, while corporate social responsibility can be used as a deduction from the company's pre-tax profit so that it affects tax avoidance.

Social and economic activities, like religion, entertainment, education, research, and the production of other goods and services, are carried on by different types of organizations, for example, corporations, proprietorships, partnerships, mutuals and nonprofits. There is competition among organizational forms for survival. The form of organization that survives in an activity is the one that delivers the product demanded by customers at the lowest price while covering costs. The characteristics of residual claims are important both in distinguishing organizations from one another and in explaining the survival of organizational forms in specific activities. This paper develops a set of propositions that explaim the special features of the residual claims of different organizational forms as efficient approaches to controlling agency problems. © M. C. Jensen and E. F. Fama, 1983 Michael C. Jensen, Foundations of Organizational Strategy Chapter 6, Harvard University Press, 1998. Journal of Law & Economics, Vol XXVI (June 1983) This document is available on the Social Science Research Network (SSRN) Electronic Library at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/paper.taf?ABSTRACT_ID=94032 AGENCY PROBLEMS AND RESIDUAL CLAIMS

This research aims to explore the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure, internationalization and tax avoidance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia during (2013-2015). The three-year-period was chosen to represent the last three years before the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines, which are used to measure the CSR disclosure, transitioned to GRI Standards, which are more structured, flexible and dynamic. Under the GRI guidelines regime, we expected to document the associations among the three main variables before significant impacts of several events on reporting, such as the transition to new standards, the launch of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the implementation of tax amnesty in Indonesia in 2016. Empirical analyses were conducted on a sample comprising 153 firm-year observations. Relationships between CSR disclosure and tax avoidance, internationalization and tax avoidance and the moderating role of internationalization were examined using multiple regression analyses, whereas t-test analysis was used to find any significant differences in each association. The results indicated that CSR disclosure positively affects tax avoidance. Meanwhile, internationalization has no effect on tax avoidance and has no moderating role in the positive relationship between CSR disclosure and tax avoidance. This study is among the early research studies which provide evidence from Indonesia, as one of the G20 countries, investigating the associations among CSR disclosure, internationalization and tax avoidance, as well as the moderating role of internationalization, which has not been given much attention in the literature.

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure on tax avoidance in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period. Data collection techniques used are websites and documentation. The type of data is quantitative data with secondary data sources. The population used in this study are mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2019–2021 with a total of 47 companies by purposive sampling, so the number of samples is 11 companies x 3 years = 33 financial reports. The data analysis method in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing T-test and F-test. The results of this study indicate that: 1. The proportion of independent commissioners (KIND) partially has a significant positive effect on company tax avoidance (TAX) mines listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 2. Partial institutional ownership (KI) has no significant effect on the tax avoidance (TAX) of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 3. Managerial ownership (KM) partially has a significant negative effect on the tax avoidance (TAX) of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 4. The audit committee (KA) partially has a significant positive effect on the tax avoidance (TAX) of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 5. Corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) partially has a significant positive effect on the tax avoidance (TAX) of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). 6. The proportion of Independent Commissioners (KIND), Institutional Ownership (KI), Managerial Ownership (KM), Audit Committee (KA), and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) simultaneously have a significant positive effect on tax avoidance (TAX) of registered mining companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).

Purpose: This study is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of audit committees, institutional ownership, independent commissioners, company size, sales growth, leverage, profitability, capital intensity, and CSR disclosure on tax avoidance. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a sample of all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, also known as the IDX, from 2019 to 2021, with 62 listed manufacturing companies used as samples in this study. This sample selection uses the purposive sampling method with 186 research data and uses multiple linear regression for hypothesis testing. Findings: The findings of this study indicate that audit committee, company size, leverage, and profitability affect tax avoidance, while the other 5 variables, namely institutional ownership, independent commissioners, sales growth, capital intensity, and CSR disclosure, have no effect on tax avoidance. Research Limitations/Implications : The implications of this study are provide input to companies in making corporate tax planning in the legal corridor-tax avoidance which is influenced by corporate governance factors, characteristics and corporate social responsibility. The implications also provide input to Indonesia's tax regulators in conducting an analysis of the compliance of public company taxpayers and input in making tax regulations. Keywords: Audit Committee, Institutional Ownership, Independent Commissioner, Capital Intensity, and CSR Disclosure.

This study aims to examine the impact of implementing Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles on financial performance, with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure acting as a mediating variable. The research focuses on mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2021–2023. Financial performance is measured using the Return on Assets (ROA) indicator. The audit committee is assessed based on the number of its members, while institutional ownership is evaluated by the percentage of shares owned by institutions relative to the total shares outstanding. CSR disclosure is analysed using the number of items aligned with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards. The study population consists of 63 companies, from which 25 were selected using a purposive sampling method based on specific criteria. Data were sourced from annual reports available on the IDX and analysed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, supported by the WarPLS 8.0 software. The findings reveal that both the audit committee and institutional ownership have a significant positive effect on financial performance. However, CSR disclosure has a significant negative impact on financial performance. Furthermore, the audit committee and institutional ownership significantly and positively influence CSR disclosure. Despite this, CSR disclosure does not mediate the relationship between the audit committee and financial performance, nor between institutional ownership and financial performance. The study underscores the importance of effective corporate governance in enhancing financial outcomes, while also highlighting the need for a more strategic approach to CSR disclosure to create tangible benefits for companies. Keywords: audit committee, institutional ownership, financial performance, corporate social responsibility.

Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure: Evidence from Sri Lankan Listed Banks

Abstrac t: This study aims to examine the influence of the corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance with size as a moderating variable at manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the 2014-2016 period. Of the 147 listed companies, 26 sample companies were selected using purposive sampling method. The data used in this study is secondary data, by downloading the financial statements from the website www.idx.co.id. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics, classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis and moderate regression analysis (MRA). The partial test results using the t test show that corporate social responsibility is partially through the t test with a significance value of 0,000 <0,05 which affects tax avoidance. This means that disclosure of corporate social responsibility will affect the level of tax avoidance of a company. Size (company size) can be a moderation that strengthens the influence of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05. This means that increasing the size of the company will encourage an increase and disclosure of corporate social responsibility towards tax avoidance. Keywords : Corporate Social Responsibility, Size, Tax Avoidance

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in a sample of 64 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.Design/methodology/approachThis study opts for a descriptive-correlational method. To measure the extent of CSR disclosure and CG variables, companies’ annual reports and websites during 2014-2015 are content analyzed by applying a 64-item checklist. Boards’ size, age, tenure and independence, CEO duality, audit committee (AC) composition and ownership concentration are considered as CG variables. To ascertain the CG–CSR disclosure relationship, multivariate linear regression analysis is incorporated.FindingsBased on the results, audit committee composition, board tenure and ownership concentration positively influence CSR disclosure level with ownership concentration as the most influential variable, that is, in companies with majority shareholders ownership, managers tend to disclose more CSR information.Research limitations/implicationsOnly annual reports and company websites are analyzed. Researchers are encouraged to apply other methods such as interview and to consider other variables, such as board diversity, proportion of female members and the extent of shareholders activities, to measure CG.Practical implicationsThis paper provides implications at the policy level to identify governance mechanisms to increase CSR awareness of heavy-pollution industries in developing countries.Originality/valueStudies rarely examined CSR reporting in Iran, particularly among heavy-pollution companies. Besides, the paper highlights the role of majority shareholders and non-executive AC members in CSR disclosure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate governance on tax avoidance. Method: This empirical study uses a database from Bloomberg within all companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange excluding this sector: finance; property and real estate. The initial sample includes 25 companies with 5 years of observation from 2017 to 2021 and in total there are 125 research samples. In order to test the impact of CSR and corporate governance on tax avoidance, this research uses multiple linear regression. Findings: The result shows that CSR disclosure increases tax avoidance which indicates that there is a trade-off between CSR disclosure and tax. But this research design does not find evidence that corporate governance has an impact on tax avoidance which means that corporate governance can not mitigate tax avoidance. Novelty: Some previous research based on GRI Index for measuring CSR and using some proxy such as board independence, audit quality, audit committee for measuring corporate governance. This study using Environmental and Social Disclosure Score for measuring Practice of CSR and using Governance Disclosure Score for measuring Corporate Governance.