KORELASI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK BUNGA MAWAR (Rosa damascena MILL.) DAN LIMBAH AIR BUNGA MAWAR (Rose water) SEBAGAI POTENSI TABIR SURYA

Effect of different extraction solvents on the antioxidant content and capacity of nine seasonal fruits

Rosa damascena Mill. is a very fragrant member of Rosaceae family, exhibiting strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In this study, in vitro cell cultures from Rosa damascena Mill. flower petals were established and the effects of precursor L-phenylalanine, the elicitor methyl jasmonate and light/dark treatments on the accumulation of characteristic rose volatile compounds, tocopherols and β-carotene in addition to the antibacterial activity of petal callus extracts were investigated with Solid-Phase Microextraction Combined with Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The amount of β-pinene increased by 236 times when 500 μM Phe was added to the culture medium or under light treatment. Strong antibacterial activity from petal callus extracts, up to 2.6- fold compared to amikacin as well as original petal tissues, was obtained under dark treatment for P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and S. aureus ATCC 25923. These results revealed that petal callus extracts are sources of natural antioxidants and antibacterial compounds.

This paper takes the physical fitness test data and the physical health self-assessment data as the research objects. The decision tree algorithm is used to construct a decision tree model for students who fail to meet the physical test. Thus, the classification of students with different physical qualities is realized. The association rule Apriori algorithm is used to mine the association of physical fitness test indexes so as to judge the hidden law between students' physical fitness and behavior habits and get the correlation information of various physical health indexes. The back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm is used to establish the physical fitness test prediction model. By using these data mining models, this paper explores the hidden association information in college students' physical test data, which can provide more scientific and effective guidance for students' physical tests.

Rose tea (Rosa damascena Mill) is a natural source of antioxidants, containing compounds such as anthocyanins, phenols, and flavonoids. The production process of rose tea involves high temperatures, which can decrease antioxidant activity. This study aims to analyze the differences in antioxidant activity between fresh rose flowers and rose tea using various drying methods, determine the higher antioxidant activity between fresh and dried rose samples, identify the treatment that results in the highest phenol content, and the treatment that yields the highest flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, phenol content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride (AlCl3) method. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT tests. The study found that fresh rose flowers and rose tea with different drying methods had varying antioxidant activities. The highest yield was found in oven-dried rose tea at 20.89%. Fresh rose flowers exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 39.48 ± 2.9 ppm, indicating a very strong antioxidant category. The highest total phenol content was in oven-dried rose tea at 278 ± 22 mg GAE/g extract, while the highest total flavonoid content was in sun-dried rose tea at 419 ± 4 mg QE/g extract.

Simple SummaryDeveloping new products according to consumer wishes is a strategy that most industries use to be competitive in the market. The aim of this study was to improve egg quality by reducing cholesterol and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and enriching polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and natural antioxidants. We evaluated the effects of introducing hemp seeds, as a source of PUFAs, into a standard diet with or without dried fruit pomace (dried blackcurrant (DB) or dried rosehip (DR)), as a source of natural antioxidants, on the laying performance of hens and the fatty acid (FA) profile, cholesterol level, antioxidant content, and lipid oxidative status of the yolks of fresh and stored eggs (refrigerated at 4 °C for 28 days). The dietary incorporation of hemp seeds improved the fat quality of the egg yolks by reducing the concentration of cholesterol and SFAs and increasing the proportion of omega-3 FAs. Laying performance, cholesterol concentration, and yolk FA profile were not improved by the use of dried fruit pomace, compared to the diet supplemented only with hemp seeds. The incorporation of dried fruit pomace into the diets increased the antioxidant content and oxidative stability of fats in the yolks, and it improved the color of the yolks. It can be concluded that including hemp seeds in combination with dried fruit pomace in the diets of laying hens did not affect the laying performance of hens but ensured an improvement in egg quality. This strategy of feeding hens allows one to obtain eggs enriched in omega-3 FAs and natural antioxidants, providing an alternative for consumers to obtain these valuable health-promoting nutrients.The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of introducing hemp seeds, as a source of PUFAs, into a standard diet with or without dried fruit pomace (dried blackcurrant (DB) or dried rosehip (DR)), as a source of natural antioxidants, on the laying performance of hens and the FA profile, cholesterol level, antioxidant content, and lipid oxidative status in the yolks of fresh eggs or eggs stored at 4 °C for 28 days. The experiment used 128 Tetra SL hens at 35 weeks of age, which were divided into four groups and randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: a standard corn–wheat–soybean meal diet (C), standard diet containing 8% ground hemp seed (H), hemp seed diet containing 3% dried blackcurrant pomace (HB), and hemp seed diet containing 3% dried rosehip pomace (HR). The laying rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg weight, and yolk weight were improved by the use of hemp seeds. The yolks of the H, HB, and HR eggs had a lower cholesterol (p ˂ 0.01) and SFA content, while the concentration of total and individual PUFAs (n-6 and n-3 FAs) was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.01) compared to C. In addition, the introduction of hemp seeds into the diets alone or with dried fruit pomace (DB or DR) led to increased (p ˂ 0.001) content of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and hypo-/hypercholesterolemic FA ratio and decreased arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) content, n-6/n-3 ratio, and thrombogenicity index (TI) compared to the control eggs. The introduction of dried fruit pomace (DB or DR) into the diets had no effect on the laying performance of the hens or the cholesterol content and FA profile of the egg yolks, compared to the diet supplemented only with hemp seeds. The dried fruit pomace improved the color, accumulation of antioxidants, and oxidative stability of fats in the yolks of the fresh eggs and eggs stored at 4 °C for 28 days. The DR was found to have the most desirable effects, producing the most intense color of egg yolks, the highest content of natural antioxidants, and the best oxidative stability of yolk lipids.

The objective of the study aims to develop a microemulsion formulation using Alpinia galanga (L.) rhizome essential oil as a sunscreen for individuals frequently exposed to sunlight, reducing the risk of sunburn and skin cancer. Excessive UV exposure increases skin cancer risk, particularly for outdoor workers and those in tropical regions. Despite the risk, sunscreen use remains low, emphasizing the need for effective, stable formulations with enhanced UV protection. Four microemulsion formulations with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% essential oil were evaluated through physical, stability, and SPF testing over 1 month at 5 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C. The essential oil of Alpinia galanga (L.) rhizome was successfully formulated into a microemulsion, with particle sizes of 77.67, 312.4, 233.7, and 125.5 nm for the 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% essential oil concentrations, respectively. SPF testing revealed variations in sunscreen efficacy across storage temperatures. At 5 °C, SPF values for the negative control (NC), Formula 1 (F1), Formula 2 (F2), and Formula 3 (F3) were 0.092, 1.813, 3.403, and 4.893, respectively. At 25 °C, the SPF values were 0.0113, 1.714, 3.239, and 4.795, and at 40 °C, the SPF values were 0.189, 1.616, 3.418, and 5.447, respectively. Stability tests confirmed that all formulations remained physically stable and maintained their SPF and pH values under different temperature conditions over the 1-month storage period. In conclusions, Alpinia galanga (L.) rhizome essential oil can be formulated into a stable, effective sunscreen, with the F3 formulation showing the highest SPF across all conditions. These findings highlight the potential of A. galanga as a natural UV-protective ingredient, offering both commercial viability and environmental benefits in sunscreen development.

Bioactive compounds derived from plants are gaining attention worldwide because they have beneficial effects on humans. Rhizophora mucronata is a species of mangrove plant that has slightly dark leaves and glossy green on the top of the leaves and pale green on the bottom and acts as a natural antioxidant which has traditionally been used as a food ingredient and traditional medicine. Therefore, this article was written to review the bioactive compounds in Rhizophora mucronata leaves, antioxidant levels and the benefits of antioxidants in food and health products. This article summarizes relevant literature regarding R. mucronata which was tested using Phytochemical screening, FTIR and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) methods. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, tannins and saponins. Based on the FTIR test, R. mucronata leaf extract showed the presence of –OH, C-H (aromatic), C=C (aromatic), and C-O groups. The antioxidant capacity expressed in IC50 (mg/mL) shows that R. mucronata has the potential to be used as a source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidants can play a role in improving the sensory quality of a food product and as a natural bactericidal so that it can be used to maintain aquatic biota and food preservatives. In addition, antioxidants contained in mangroves can prevent aging, wrinkles, cancer, obesity, and diabetes mellitus.

The risk of degenerative diseases is increasing due to unhealthy lifestyles. Many people consume junk food, smoke, and do not protect themselves from sun exposure and pollution, exposing their bodies to free radicals. Free radicals can cause oxidative stress, necessitating the need for antioxidants to neutralize them. The leilem plant (Clerodendrum minahassae) is an endemic plant from North Sulawesi that is often used in traditional dishes and medicine. Moreover, leilem leaves are believed to be a source of natural antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of leilem leaf ethanol extract as a source of antioxidants. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using phytochemical screening and antioxidant assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods, with ascorbic acid as a comparison. The level of antioxidant activity was measured by determining the IC50 value, which corresponds to the concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of free radicals. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae) leaves contains active compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and alkaloids, indicating a high potential for antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for the DPPH method was 78.799 ppm, and the IC50 value for the FRAP method was 92.127 ppm. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extract of leilem leaves has strong antioxidant activity in both the DPPH and FRAP methods.

Aim: To investigate the cytoprotective effects of ethanolic extracts from oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) using a combination of in silico modeling and in vitro assays. Study Design: The study involved a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical composition of Rosa damascena extracts to identify key bioactive compounds. In silico modeling, including molecular docking and virtual screening, was conducted to predict interactions between these compounds and oxidative stress-related proteins. Human cancer cell lines: HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and normal fibroblast cell line: NIH 3T3 were studied. Following this, in vitro assays were performed on human cell lines exposed to hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative stress, assessing the cytoprotective effects of the extracts. Results: Ethanolic extracts of Rosa damascena Mill significantly reduced cellular damage and enhanced cell viability in the oxidative stress model. The presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, identified through phytochemical screening, correlated with these cytoprotective effects. Molecular docking results indicated strong interactions between key bioactive compounds and target proteins related to oxidative stress. Conclusion: Rosa damascena Mill extracts exhibit substantial cytoprotective properties, suggesting their potential as a natural agents for preventing and treating oxidative stress-related disorders. This study highlights the value of integrating traditional herbal knowledge with modern computational techniques, paving the way for future research on therapeutic applications of Rosa damascena Mill.

The results of previous studies on each concentration of 4000 ppm SPF value of sunscreen cream corncob extract (Zea mays L.) of 5.40. and SPF value of coffee bean extract cream (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) of 8.54. Both of these plant research results have SPF values that are still below 8 -15, so that further research is carried out using a mixture of the two extracts on a sun cream basis based on M / A basis. Methods: Making extracts of corncob mixture and Robusta coffee using a dose of 10%, and 15% and using a type A/M cream base. Cream testing includes physical and stability tests. Determination of the effectiveness of sunscreen cream preparations is done by testing the SPF value, antioxidant content and total phenolics in vitro using a UV / Vis spectrophotometer. Results: Cream stability test meets cream requirements. Formula 1 has an IC50 value of 198.61 ppm, a total phenol of 46 mGAE / g, at an SPF value of 35. Formula 2 has an IC50 value of 101.57 ppm, a total phenol of 59.9 mGAE / g, an SPF value of 38. Formula 3 has an IC50 value of 150.26 ppm, a total phenol of 51.45 mGAE / g and SPF 37. Conclusion: Sunscreen cream corn cobs extract and Robusta coffee has good stability, strong antioxidants, the highest phenol in formula 2, and are categorized as ultra sunblock

Background: Spices and herbs have been a natural source of antioxidants for many years. Spices and herbs have been shown to have medicinal properties that are at-tributed to the phytochemicals present in them. Thus, a comparative study on phenolic con-tent and antioxidants in some common Indian spices/ herbs like ginger, garlic, onion, bay leaf, cumin, and coriander was undertaken in the present study. Materials and Methods: Total phenolics and total antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scav-enging) were estimated in water as well as methanolic extracts of the spices/herbs. Catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity was estimated spectrophotometrically in the aqueous ex-tracts of spices/herbs. Results: The highest catalase and peroxidase activity was estimated in ginger. Phenolic and antioxidant content were also highest in the ginger methanolic extract. The antioxidant con-tent in the methanolic extracts of ginger, bay leaves, onion, and garlic was significantly higher than that in the water extract (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Our results showed that the selected Indian spices and herbs are rich in phenolic constituents and demonstrate good antioxidant activity. Although much of the antioxidant capacity of plant extracts has been shown to be contributed by phenolic compounds, the present study did not show any significant correlation between the two. This indicated that compounds other than phenolics can serve as good sources of natural plant-based antioxi-dants. Therefore, they need to be studied and explored further. Moreover, solvents used for extraction significantly affect the results, and therefore, they need to be considered while interpreting results.

Red roses (Rosa damascena Mill.) are known to contain active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and vitamin C, which have potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the utilization of rose flower waste after extraction remains limited. This study aims to formulate and evaluate gel preparations based on red rose extract and post-extraction rose flower waste as an innovation in natural-based topical formulations. This research is an experimental laboratory study using a post-test only design. Three concentration variations were formulated for both the extract (F1, F2, F3) and rose flower waste (F4, F5, F6) using HPMC as the gel base. Physical evaluations included organoleptic testing, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, spreadability, and viscosity. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test to determine the effect of concentration variation on physical parameters. All formulations showed good organoleptic and homogeneity results. The pH values were within the safe range for skin (4.75–5.92). Adhesion times met the criteria of >1 second, with a tendency to increase alongside higher concentrations of active ingredients. Spreadability fell within the acceptable range (3–5 cm), decreasing as viscosity increased. The viscosity values ranged from 20,150 to 20,182 cps. There was a significant effect of concentration variation on pH (p < 0.05), adhesion in extract-based gels (p = 0.021), and spreadability in waste-based gels (p = 0.024). In conclusion, gel preparations made from red rose extract and its waste can be successfully formulated with good physical stability and meet standard criteria for topical formulations. Rose flower waste has potential as an alternative active ingredient in the development of natural-based gel products.

Synthetic dyes like methylene blue (MB) persist in aquatic environment and threaten human and animal health. Agricultural by-products like banana flower (BF) wastes can be converted into low-cost adsorbent for sustainable dye uptake. This study reveals the conversion of discarded banana flower (Musa paradisiaca) waste into an efficient and sustainable biosorbent for MB elimination from aqueous media. Acid modification was utilized to enhance the adsorption performance of raw banana flower (RBF), producing modified banana flower (MBF) with enhanced surface functionality and adsorption affinity. Surface and structural validation using XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and BET analyses confirmed the predominantly amorphous mesoporous structure and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups such as -OH, C = O, and C-O responsible for dye binding. BET study revealed a surface area of 106.3 m2/g with a mesoporous structure (average pore diameter ≈ 6.1nm), favorable for dye uptake. Batch adsorption experiments showed that MB uptake was strongly influenced by temperature, pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage, with optimum adsorption occurring under alkaline conditions. Langmuir isotherm analysis showed maximum adsorption capacities of 29.9mg/g for RBF and 48.6mg/g for MBF, confirming the significant enhancement achieved through acid modification. The Pseudo-first-order model best described MB uptake by RBF (R2 = 0.977), while pseudo-second-order model fits perfectly the kinetic data of MBF (R2 = 0.988), while thermodynamic parameters confirmed a spontaneous (ΔG: -3.23 to -39.72kJ/mol) and endothermic process (ΔH: + 23.38 and + 97.88kJ/mol). The findings highlight the potential of acid-modified banana flower waste as a low-cost, eco-friendly, and high-performance adsorbent for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.

Health is one of the main pillars of human life. The quality of health of a country or a person can be affected by the development of the disease. Based on the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018, degenerative diseases showed an escalation. These diseases originate from environmental factors that have decreased in quality. One of them is the emergence of free radical compounds. These free radicals can oxidize nucleic acids and initiate degenerative diseases. Antioxidants are able to ward off free radicals which can be obtained from natural sources. One of the natural sources of these antioxidants is plants. The method used in this service activity is community education through counseling activities and hydroponic system skills training that can be applied at residents' homes using simple tools and materials. The purpose of this service activity is to increase public knowledge about sources of natural antioxidants and training on hydroponic systems. The implementation of this service activity was carried out in RW013 Gebang Raya Village, Periuk District, Tangerang. The results of the service showed an increase number in knowledge which was originally 42% to 66% from the results of the pretest and posttest that has been carried out. The knowledge indicators provided information including the definition of antioxidants, knowledge of free radicals, sources of antioxidants, and last but not least natural and artificial antioxidants. The residents also gained skills improvement from learning through a hydroponic system using kale, spinach, pokcoy, and lettuce as sources of natural antioxidants.

Artemisia frigida Willd. of the Baikal region (Siberia): essential oils, tincture, and antiradical activity