Knowledge of risk factors, symptoms and role of physiotherapy in cerebral palsy and obstetrics brachial plexus injury among pregnant women in Ibadan: A cross-sectional study

To assess the frequency and evaluate the factors underlining self-medication with orthodox and herbal medicines among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. Setting Antenatal clinics at the major antenatal care facility in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. A prospective cross-sectional study with a pre-tested 15-item structured questionnaire over a 12 week period among 1,650 pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics at a major antenatal care facility in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. Data analysis was done with Chi-square, multivariate logistic regression and summary statistics. Frequency and major factors associated with self-medication in pregnancy. The response and completion rate was 96.6% (1,594) [mean age ± SD 27 ± 5.3 years]. The majority of the respondents were literate (92.6%), self-employed (61.5%) and in the third trimester (49.5%). A significant majority (63.8%) used self-medication (orthodox and herbal medicines) as their first response to perceived ill-health (P < 0.001). Self-medication in pregnancy was strongly associated with self-employment (OR: 3.8 (2.6-4.7), unemployment (OR: 2.6 (1.4-4.2) and third trimester of pregnancy (OR: 4.2 (3.1-5.6). The major over-the-counter medicines and potentially harmful prescription medicines kept at home for self-medication were Paracetamol, vitamins and haematinics; and piroxicam, dipyrone, chloramphenicol and Diazepam respectively. About one-third of the respondents who self-medicated (1,017) used local herbs (31.2%). The most frequent source of the medicines purchased during self-medication was patent medicine stores (55%). Mothers-in-law and relatives (41.3%) were the most frequently cited sources of advice during self-medication. Miscarriage/bleeding (44.3%) was the most frequently cited potential adverse effect that could occur with the use of certain medicines during pregnancy. Only 32% of respondents could identify medicines that are potentially harmful in pregnancy. Poorly guided self-medication with prescription, over-the-counter and herbal medicines is pervasive and significantly associated with gestational age and occupational pattern among pregnant women in Ibadan, south-western. A majority lacked the knowledge of potential adverse outcomes associated with the use of certain medicines, and the potentially harmful medicines to avoid during pregnancy.

Background/Aims An increasing prevalence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus has been recorded in developing countries including Nigeria, yet it is largely a preventable condition. There is a lack of literature on the perception of risk and prevention of gestational diabetes among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine perception of risk and knowledge of preventative measures among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. This will inform health professionals on possible improvements to the education available on diabetes and preventive measures. Methods A descriptive survey was used to study 182 purposively selected pregnant women. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on participants' knowledge of diabetes and their perception of the risk of developing diabetes. The chi-squared test was used to test the association between knowledge of diabetes and perception of risk. Results The majority (56%) of participants had poor knowledge of gestational diabetes. The majority (55.5%) of respondents thought themselves to be at low risk of developing gestational diabetes. The majority (59.9%) of pregnant women also had poor knowledge of preventive measures against gestational diabetes. There was a significant association between knowledge of gestational diabetes and perception of increased risk (P&lt;0.000). There was a significant association between education level and knowledge of preventive measures for gestational diabetes (P=0.030). Conclusions There is poor knowledge of diabetes and preventive measures against it among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. Health professionals should improve women's knowledge of gestational diabetes, predisposing factors, risks and preventive measures against gestational diabetes by including education on this subject in the antenatal education provided.

BackgroundAlcohol consumption and tobacco exposure during pregnancy are hazardous behaviours which are increasing significantly in low and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa. However, they have received little attention in Nigeria’s maternal health research and services. The prevalence, pattern and predictors of alcohol consumption and tobacco exposure among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria, were investigated.MethodsThis is a part of a prospective cohort study among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria (Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study (IbPCS), which investigated the associations between maternal obesity, lifestyle characteristics and perinatal outcomes in Ibadan. Alcohol consumption and tobacco exposure of 1745 pregnant women were assessed during enrollment by self-reports using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses examined the associations at a 5% level of statistical significance.ResultsThe prevalence of pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption during pregnancy were 551 (31.7%) and 222 (12.7%), respectively, i.e. (one in every eight pregnancies is exposed to alcohol). Palm wine (52%) and beer (12%) were the most common alcohol consumed among pregnant women. The predictors of alcohol consumption during were pre-pregnancy alcohol use [AOR = 10.72, 95% CI: 6.88–16.70) and religion i.e. Muslims were less likely to consume alcohol during pregnancy compared to Christians: [AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40–0.92). The prevalence of tobacco exposure in the index pregnancy was 64 (3.7%), i.e. one in every 27 pregnancies is exposed to tobacco. In contrast, cigarette smoking, second-hand smoke and smokeless tobacco were 0.4, 1.7 and 1.8%, respectively. Pre-pregnancy cigarette smoking was reported by 33(1.9%) and was the most significant predictor [AOR = 12.95; 95% CI: 4.93, 34.03) of tobacco exposure during pregnancy in our study population.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption and tobacco exposure are not uncommon and have been an ongoing but neglected threat to maternal and child health in Nigeria. Alcohol and tobacco control policy and programmes to prevent the use among pregnant and reproductive-age women in Nigeria should be implemented primarily during antenatal care.

As increasing number of countries in sub-Sahara Africa is changing to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as first or second line treatment for malaria, hence, post-marketing surveillance of ACT use in vulnerable population is a necessity. This study aimed at evaluating the extent of use and assessing the incidence of adverse reactions to artemisinin-based combination therapy among pregnant women in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the antenatal clinic of Adeoyo Maternity Hospital in Ibadan, between 15th March and 16th May, 2008. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered to 140 consented pregnant women at the study site. Of these, 134 (95.7%) properly filled questionnaires were subsequently analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Chisquare was used for tests of proportions, with p&lt;0.05 considered statistically significant. More than three fourth, 120 (89.6%) of the respondents had malaria in their current pregnancy. Of these, 115 (95.8%) took antimalarial drugs. Of the cohort, 70 (60.9%) took ACT group of antimalarials with 42 (60.0%) of the respondents having their administered ACTs prescribed by physician, 15 (21.4%) took ACTs on recommendation or advice by other healthcare professionals, while 13 (18.6%) took the ACT on selfinitiated basis. Fifteen (21.4%) utilized the ACT during the first trimester. Incidence of experiences of adverse reactions to ACT was generally mild, &lt;10% for most of the reactions. The majority, (75.0%) did not report the reactions to health care practitioners, mostly for reason of tolerability of the adverse reactions (50%). The use of ACT for malaria treatment among pregnant women in Ibadan, is common. Efforts to monitor the use of ACTs among this group of vulnerable population are recommended. Furthermore, institutionalization of a functioning and effective mechanism to increase awareness and improve reporting of adverse effects of ACT generally is also suggested.Keywords: Malaria, artemisinin-based combination therapy, pregnancy, adverse drug reaction, Nigeria

Kolanut contains caffeine and it is widely consumed in various social contexts in Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan African countries. While some studies have suggested that kolanut is consumed by pregnant women, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence, consumption pattern and reasons for kolanut consumption among this group. This study investigated kolanut use among pregnant women in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study involving 478 consenting pregnant women in all trimesters of pregnancy was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Associations between kolanut use and respondent characteristics were investigated using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the women was 28.7 ± 6.3 years. One hundred and sixty-two (33.9%) of women reported kolanut use during pregnancy, 140 (29.3%) in the current pregnancy. Fifty-five (39.3%) pregnant women reported frequent use and 46 (32.9%) used it in high quantities. Significant associations were found between current kolanut use and Hausa respondents (p = 0.014), educational level; secondary (p = 0.032), tertiary (p = 0.006), TBA (p = 0.005). The majority (93.7%) used kolanut to prevent spitting, nausea, and vomiting. This study showed that kolanut use is quite common among pregnant women and frequently used in large quantities.

BackgroundUnprescribed and herbal medicines use among pregnant women is a public health concern in low and middle-income countries because of the potential teratogenic effects, insufficient safety and weak drug regulatory systems. Unprescribed and herbal medicines are common among pregnant women in Nigeria, and only a few researchers have documented the prevalence and the risk factors. However, evidence on the associated pregnancy outcomes is still lacking. We assessed the prevalence, predictors and pregnancy outcomes of unprescribed and herbal medicines use among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsThis study was a component of the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study, among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria, who were enrolled at ≤ 20 weeks gestation at their first antenatal visit and followed up till delivery. In all, 571 women participated in the maternal drug use assessment during the third trimester using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. The primary outcomes were unprescribed and herbal medicines use and pregnancy outcomes, secondary outcomes, were abstracted from medical records. The predictors assessed included sociodemographic, obstetric, antenatal care utilization, and lifestyle characteristics. Bi-variate logistic and Poisson regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictors and relative risk for the pregnancy outcomes of unprescribed and herbal medicines at 5% significance.ResultsThe prevalence of unprescribed and herbal medicine use was 31.9% and 21.7%, respectively. On bivariate analysis, the significant predictors of unprescribed medicine (which were protective) were tertiary education, increasing income, adequate antenatal care (≥ 4 visits), and at least two doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. However, high parity and having an antenatal admission increased the risk. However, after adjusting for confounders, the significant factors associated with unprescribed medicines were; tertiary education (AOR) = 0.23; 95% CI: (0.06 – 0.95); p-value: 0.043] and obtaining at least two doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine [AOR = 0.33; 95% CI: (0.29 – 3.60); p-value: 0.048]. For herbal medicines, the predictors were similar to unprescribed drugs. However, after adjusting for confounders, none was significant for herbal medicines. Unprescribed and herbal medicines were not significantly associated with pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionsUnprescribed and herbal medicines use were common among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria, particularly among women with low economic status and those with poor utilization of antenatal care services. These significant predictors can be targeted for public health intervention. Specifically, health education that discourages the use of unprescribed and herbal medications to pregnant women during antenatal care.

IntroductionCongenital anomalies (CA) are structural or functional disorders present at birth. Routine prenatal ultrasound screening has become an indispensable tool for early detection of CA in developed countries which will facilitate appropriate preemptive actions for safe guarding the health of both mother and the unborn fetus. The prevalence of CA in the general population has been researched widely but very few studies exist on the prevalence of CA among high risk pregnancies. Aims and objective: the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies among high risk pregnant women in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria.Methodsthis multicenter cross sectional study was conducted in three different hospitals in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria between August 2018 and July 2019. High risk pregnant women that met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Participants underwent detailed fetal anomaly scans at gestational ages between 18-26 weeks during the study period using a Voluson P6 ultrasound machine (GE Healthcare Korea). Written informed consents were obtained from the participants. All the fetuses with ultrasound diagnosed congenital anomalies were followed up till either termination of pregnancy or delivery. Ethical approval was obtained for the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS.Resultsa total of 418 high risk pregnant women underwent detailed fetal anomaly scan and CAs were detected in 13(3.1%) of them. Spontaneous abortion was the most common maternal risk factor reported although the association between it and congenital anomaly was not significant. The highest number of anomalies were detected in the genitourinary system while the least was in the central nervous system.Conclusionthe prevalence of high risk pregnant women is high in our environment but the incidence of CA among them is similar to that reported in the general population. Thus, prenatal ultrasonographic screening for congenital anomalies is necessary for all pregnant women irrespective of their risk status.

Globally, physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for premature death. Pregnancy is associated with reduced physical activity because of physiological and anatomical changes and socio-cultural barriers. Even though physical activity provides many benefits, such as improved insulin sensitivity and reduced cardiometabolic risk, it is not emphasized among pregnant women in Nigeria. This study described the pattern of physical activity and sedentary behaviours of pregnant women from the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study (IbPCS) is a prospective cohort study investigating the associations between maternal obesity, lifestyle factors on glycaemia control, gestational weight gain, pregnancy and postpartum outcomes among pregnant women in Ibadan. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) was used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Sedentary time was estimated from the time spent watching television, sitting at work and the computer. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to investigate associations at a 5% level of statistical significance. None of the pregnant women met the WHO recommendation of 150mins of moderate-intensity activity per week. The average time spent engaged in moderate-intensity activity was 26.3 ± 22.9 mins. The mean daily sedentary time was 6.5 ± 4.2 hours. High parity para ≥ 4: [AOR 0.57 95% CI: (0.36-0.89) p = 0.014] and being employed [AOR 0.23 95% CI: (0.15-0.33) p <0.001] reduced the odds of having inadequate physical activity. Correlates of sedentary behavior after adjusting for confounders were high parity: para 1-3 AOR 0.73, 95% CI: (0.58-0.91) p = 0.004], tertiary education: AOR 2.39 95% CI: (1.16-4.91) p = 0.018] and earning a higher income: AOR 1.40: 95% CI: (1.11-1.78) p = 0.005]. Pregnant women's physical activity and sedentary behaviours are emerging public health issues, especially in Nigeria. The level of physical activity was inadequate among pregnant women, while the sedentary time was high. There is a need to implement programmes that promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behaviour among pregnant women in Nigeria.

BackgroundSleep is essential for pregnant women’s and the offspring’s health and wellbeing. Poor sleep and disorders have been linked with adverse fetal outcomes and delivery conditions. However, pregnant women often experience several forms of sleep disruption, which has been scarcely reported in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), including Nigeria where the influence of lifestyle factors has also been lacking. We investigated sleep patterns and disorders and the associated factors among pregnant women in Southwest, Nigeria.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted among five hundred (500) pregnant women attending Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to examine different domains of sleep and associated disorders, namely sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (> 5 and ≤ 5)), insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index (> 8 and ≤ 8)), restless leg syndrome (Restless Leg Syndrome Rating Scale (> 10 and ≤ 10). Significant covariates such as physical activity, minimum dietary diversity, smoking and alcohol intake were also assessed. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analysis at p < 0.05 significance level.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 30.4 ± 4.8 years. The pattern of sleep disorder in pregnant were poor sleep quality (50%), restless leg syndrome (58.2%) and insomnia (33.4%). Being currently married (AOR = 6.13; 95% CI: (1.65–22.23)), increasing gestational age: second trimester (AOR = 8.25;95% CI: (1.78–38.17)) to third trimester (AOR = 10.98; 95% CI: (2.44–49.48)) increased the odds of poor sleep quality. Factors associated with restless leg syndrome were marital status [AOR = 3.60; 95% CI; (1.25–10.35)], religion, rigorous physical activities [AOR = 1.52; 95% CI: (1.05–2.21)] and alcohol consumption [AOR = 3.51; 95% CI: (1.00–12.27)]. Factors associated with insomnia were maternal age [AOR = 1.83; 95% CI: (1.11–3.01)], income [AOR = 2.99 (1.26–7.16)] and rigorous physical activity [AOR = 2.55 (1.61–4.02)].ConclusionPoor sleep quality, restless leg syndrome and insomnia were typical among pregnant women in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Thus, awareness and education on the importance of sleep and its risk and protective factors, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, rigorous activity and spousal and family support, should be increased to reduce poor sleep quality and sleep disorders (restless leg syndrome and insomnia) during the pregnancy period.

Globally, physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for premature death. Pregnancy is associated with reduced physical activity because of physiological and anatomical changes and socio-cultural barriers. Even though physical activity provides many benefits, such as improved insulin sensitivity and reduced cardiometabolic risk, it is not emphasized among pregnant women in Nigeria. This study described the pattern of physical activity and sedentary behaviours of pregnant women from the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study (IbPCS) is a prospective cohort study investigating the associations between maternal obesity, lifestyle factors on glycaemia control, gestational weight gain, pregnancy and postpartum outcomes among pregnant women in Ibadan. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) was used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Sedentary time was estimated from the time spent watching television, sitting at work and the computer. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to investigate associations at a 5% level of statistical significance. None of the pregnant women met the WHO recommendation of 150mins of moderate-intensity activity per week. The average time spent engaged in moderate-intensity activity was 26.3 ± 22.9 mins. The mean daily sedentary time was 6.5 ± 4.2 hours. High parity para ≥ 4: [AOR 0.57 95% CI: (0.36–0.89) p = 0.014] and being employed [AOR 0.23 95% CI: (0.15–0.33) p <0.001] reduced the odds of having inadequate physical activity. Correlates of sedentary behavior after adjusting for confounders were high parity: para 1–3 AOR 0.73, 95% CI: (0.58–0.91) p = 0.004], tertiary education: AOR 2.39 95% CI: (1.16–4.91) p = 0.018] and earning a higher income: AOR 1.40: 95% CI: (1.11–1.78) p = 0.005]. Pregnant women’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours are emerging public health issues, especially in Nigeria. The level of physical activity was inadequate among pregnant women, while the sedentary time was high. There is a need to implement programmes that promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behaviour among pregnant women in Nigeria.

BackgroundSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have become a global health concern because of their adverse health effects and their association with the obesity pandemic. It has not received much attention in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria, especially among pregnant women. The pattern, frequency and factors associated with SSBs among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria, were investigated.DesignData were from the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study - a prospective cohort study investigating 1745 pregnant women from four comprehensive obstetric facilities in Ibadan. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the pregnant women’s intake of food and drinks over the previous months. Sugar-sweetened beverage variable and scores were also generated using the principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Factors associated with high SSB scores were examined using multivariate logistics regression analyses at a 5% significance level.ResultsThe most commonly consumed SSBs were cocoa-sweetened beverages, soft drinks, malt drinks, and fruit juice. A quarter of the women (75th percentile) consumed SSB more than once weekly. The factors associated with high SSB on multivariate analysis were; being employed (AOR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.02–2.26), maternal obesity (AOR: 0.065, 95% CI 0.47–0.89), high fruit intake (AOR:3.62, 95% CI 2.62–4.99), high green vegetable consumption (AOR:1.99, 95% CI 1.06–3.74), high milk intake (AOR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.65– 2.74), frequent fast food outlet visit (AOR: 2.19, 95% CI 1.53–1.70), all of these remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables.ConclusionSSBs were common among our study population. Factors associated with high SSBs intake are crucial for implementing locally relevant public health interventions.

BackgroundMaternal nutrition is vital for an optimal intrauterine environment, foetal development, birth weight, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. We assessed the maternal dietary patterns using a data-driven technique and the associated sociodemographic factors among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodologyDietary assessment was performed during the enrolment of participants for the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study, conducted among 1745 pregnant women enrolled early in pregnancy (≤ 20 weeks) at four comprehensive obstetric facilities within the Ibadan metropolis. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the pregnant population’s intake of food and drinks three months prior to their enrollment. We determined dietary patterns by applying principal component analysis with a varimax rotation. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate the association between sociodemographic factors and dietary patterns at 5% statistical significance.ResultsMean age and gestational age at enrolment were 29.8 (± 5.3) years and 16.4 (±4.2) weeks, respectively. White rice was the most frequently consumed meal [794 (45.5%) daily, 898 (51.4%)] weekly in our study population. Five major dietary patterns were identified, and they accounted for 28.8% of the total variation: "protein-rich diet with non-alcoholic beverages" (15.6%); "fruits" (4.1%); "typical diet with alcohol" (3.8%); "legumes" (2.8%), "refined grains" (2.6%). Maternal education and income were inversely associated with the consumption of a "protein-rich diet with non-alcoholic beverages", "typical diet with alcohol", and "legumes" in a dose-response fashion. Also, employed women had a higher mean intake of fruits [adjusted β: 0.33 (0.02; 0.65) p = 0.040] compared with women without employment.Conclusions and recommendationWe described five dietary patterns of pregnant women using a data-driven technique, principal component analysis, in Nigeria. We also identified factors influencing maternal dietary patterns, which can inform public health interventions, especially behavioural change communication during antenatal care.

The knowledge of pregnant women about Hepatitis B virus infection at three different levels of healthcare and their access to screening and vaccination was evaluated by a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. There were 643 respondents with a mean age of 30.2 ± 5.2 years and mean gestational age of 26.1 ± 8.4 weeks. The distribution of respondents was 55 (8.6%, primary), 204 (31.7%, secondary) and 383 (59.6%, tertiary) women. The majority of respondents were traders (36%) or civil servants/professionals (28.6%). Overall, 76% of all women had inadequate knowledge about hepatitis B infection; 19.5% had been screened, while 9.7% had been vaccinated. There was an increased likelihood of adequate knowledge, previous screening and vaccination among health workers (p = 0.00). Other positive predictors of knowledge and vaccination were tertiary education (p = 0.04) and tertiary care (p = 0.00). There is inadequate knowledge among pregnant women in Ibadan about Hepatitis B infection, with significant differences at the various levels of care, particularly in non-tertiary settings where screening and vaccination is also sub-optimal. Information dissemination, universal screening and vaccination services for pregnant women in Nigeria require urgent consideration.

ABSTRACTHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health concern in developing countries that has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Vertical transmission of HBV from mother to child has been identified as a major factor leading to chronicity with attendant liver conditions, especially in poor socioeconomic settings. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of serological HBV markers among pregnant women in Ibadan southwestern Nigeria and to determine the implications for perinatal HBV transmission. This study revealed the presence of varied HBV serological patterns of infection or immunity among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria, and thus the risk of mother to child transmission.

Maternal nutrition is vital for an optimal intrauterine environment, foetal development, birth weight, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. We assessed the maternal dietary patterns using a data-driven technique and the associated sociodemographic factors among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. Dietary assessment was performed during the enrolment of participants for the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study, conducted among 1745 pregnant women enrolled early in pregnancy (≤ 20 weeks) at four comprehensive obstetric facilities within the Ibadan metropolis. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the pregnant population's intake of food and drinks three months prior to their enrollment. We determined dietary patterns by applying principal component analysis with a varimax rotation. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate the association between sociodemographic factors and dietary patterns at 5% statistical significance. Mean age and gestational age at enrolment were 29.8 (± 5.3) years and 16.4 (±4.2) weeks, respectively. White rice was the most frequently consumed meal [794 (45.5%) daily, 898 (51.4%)] weekly in our study population. Five major dietary patterns were identified, and they accounted for 28.8% of the total variation: "protein-rich diet with non-alcoholic beverages" (15.6%); "fruits" (4.1%); "typical diet with alcohol" (3.8%); "legumes" (2.8%), "refined grains" (2.6%). Maternal education and income were inversely associated with the consumption of a "protein-rich diet with non-alcoholic beverages", "typical diet with alcohol", and "legumes" in a dose-response fashion. Also, employed women had a higher mean intake of fruits [adjusted β: 0.33 (0.02; 0.65) p = 0.040] compared with women without employment. We described five dietary patterns of pregnant women using a data-driven technique, principal component analysis, in Nigeria. We also identified factors influencing maternal dietary patterns, which can inform public health interventions, especially behavioural change communication during antenatal care.