Abstract
The electrolyte composition is found to affect the composition and density of the adsorption layer on the electrode. The lowest process rate is observed in the water structure stabilization range under conditions of the preferential adsorption of the additive and organic solvent molecules. The electroreduction of copper(II) ions involves the stage of their penetration through the adsorption film, while the dissociation of electroactive species, which precedes their discharge, has the “forced” nature. The increase in the adsorption activity of sulfate ions (which is due to the “salting-out” effect of the mixed solvent and the selective solvation) is accompanied by the acceleration of the process (the ψ effect or the formation of surface associated products, in which anions play the role of bridge ligands).
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