Abstract
The main aim of this study is to estimate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of thermal decomposition of starches by the Coats–Redfern method. This procedure is a commonly used thermogravimetric analysis/difference thermal gravimetry/differental thermal analysis (TG/DTG-DTA) kinetic method for single rate form. The study also shows a proposed method for reactive hydroxyl groups content on the starch surface determination, and values were in range of 960.21–1078.76 mg OH per 1 g of starch. Thermal processing revealed the thermophysical properties of biomass for the kinetics of decomposition estimation. Activation energies reached the values in range of approximately 66.5–167 kJ·mol−1. This research also enables the determination of the temperature conditions required for becoming the desired form of material. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve the requested compact porous structure in an activation process, because in the native state, the polymer exhibits limited applications as a result of thermal decomposition, low shear stress, retrogradation, and syneresis, hence the low solubility in organic solvents. Thermodynamic parameters and reactive hydroxyl groups in this article review are innovative and have not yet been found in the literature.
Highlights
There is an enormous demand in the rapidly developing industrial field for alternative energy sources and modifications connected to applying the biodegradable materials consistent with green chemistry, because of the increasing energy crisis and changes in our climate
It is clearly seen that the thermographs of the three starches are really similar, so the wheat and rice starch are almost identical and have similar thermal properties
The peak maxima in the difference thermal gravimetry (DTG) (Figure 2b) curve represents the maximum rate of mass loss
Summary
There is an enormous demand in the rapidly developing industrial field for alternative energy sources and modifications connected to applying the biodegradable materials consistent with green chemistry, because of the increasing energy crisis and changes in our climate. Innovations are involved with applications with the most natural energy transformations possible; that are environmentally friendly. The global humanity seeks to decrease the undesirable impact of energy transformations on human health and the environment. Starch is a natural green polymer—containing about 20–30% of long-chained amylose, and which is a complex mixture of weakly branched and strictly linear polysaccharides—that may build the semi-crystalline region and circa 70–80% of short-chained, highly branched amylopectin. Depending on the starch botanical source, the second polymer could be more responsible for the crystalline
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