Kinetics and PEMFC performance of Ru xMo ySe z nanoparticles as a cathode catalyst

Abstract

Kinetics of Ru x Mo y Se z nanoparticles dispersed on carbon powder was studied in 0.5 M H 2SO 4 electrolyte towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and as cathode catalysts for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Ru x Mo y Se z catalyst was synthesized by decarbonylation of transition-metal carbonyl compounds for 3 h in organic solvent. The powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Catalyst is composed of uniform agglomerates of nanocrystalline particles with an estimated composition of Ru 6Mo 1Se 3, embedded in an amorphous phase. The electrochemical activity was studied by rotating disk electrode (RDE) and rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) techniques. Tafel slopes for the ORR remain invariant with temperature at −0.116 V dec −1 with an increase of the charge transfer coefficient in d α/d T = 1.6 × 10 −3, attributed to an entropy turnover contribution to the electrocatalytic reaction. The effect of temperature on the ORR kinetics was analyzed resulting in an apparent activation energy of 45.6 ± 0.5 kJ mol −1. The catalyst generates less than 2.5% hydrogen peroxide during oxygen reduction. The Ru x Mo y Se z nanoparticles dispersed on a carbon powder were tested as cathode electrocatalyst in a single fuel cell. The membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), included Nafion ® 112 as polymer electrolyte membrane and commercial carbon supported Pt (10 wt%Pt/C-Etek) as anode catalyst. It was found that the maximum performance achieved for the electro-reduction of oxygen was with a loading of 1.0 mg cm −2 Ru x Mo y Se z 20 wt%/C, arriving to a power density of 240 mW cm −2 at 0.3 V and 80 °C.