Key Factors In fluenc ing Sri Lankan Conventional Fuel Vehicle Owners Towards Switching to Electric Vehicles: A Study Based on Consumer Purchase Intention

BackgroundUnderstanding the drivers and boundary conditions of electric vehicle (EV) adoption is critical to fostering sustainable transportation. Building on perceived value and planned behavior theories, this study proposes a moderated mediation model in which perceived value influences both sustainability perception and purchase intentions, with household income, technology trust, and environmental knowledge serving as moderators.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 496 licensed drivers familiar with EVs was conducted using validated multi-item scales. Data were analyzed in R using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (lavaan), incorporating product-indicator interactions and 5,000-sample bootstrapping to test the direct, moderating, and mediating effects.ResultsConsumers’ perceived value has a positive effect on sustainability perception (0.122, p < 0.001) and purchase intentions (0.002, p < 0.001). Household income also strengthens the relationship between perceived value and purchase intention (0.043, p < 0.001). Digital innovation (0.285, p < 0.001) and environmental concerns (0.411, p < 0.001) dynamically influenced the perception of sustainability at a significant level, although social influence was not significant. Compared with other variables, sustainability perception had the greatest effect on consumers’ intention to buy an electric car (0.624, p < 0.001) and served as a mediator in three out of four indirect connections between perceived value and purchase intention. The moderating effects of technology trust and environmental knowledge were not supported.ConclusionThese findings highlight the central roles of value and sustainability perceptions in EV adoption and identify income as a key boundary condition. Practical implications include tailoring incentives by income segment, investing in user-centric digital platforms, and emphasizing both economic and environmental benefits. Theoretically, this study extends technology acceptance models by integrating sustainability constructs and underscores the nuanced impact of socioeconomic factors on green consumer behavior.

Will users practice what they preach? Exploring the influencing factors of the intention behaviour gap in electric vehicles adoption

The rising global trend toward sustainable mobility has greatly increased consumer curiosity and purchase intention in electric vehicles (EVs), which are considered as green alternatives to conventional vehicles. This study investigates the variables impacting Consumer Purchase Intention (CPI) for EVs in Himachal Pradesh, India, a hilly state with unique socioeconomic conditions and transportation restrictions. A methodical survey was distributed to 600 respondents from four districts (Shimla, Solan, Mandi, Kangra), focusing on characteristics such as consumer awareness, environment awareness, technology awareness, charging infrastructure, government policy, and price. The correlation study shows that Environmental Concern (r = 0.528, p < 0.01), Government Policy (r = 0.485, p < 0.01), and Price (r = 0.497, p < 0.01) are the most influential factors that influence customer purchase intention. Charging Infrastructure (r = 0.168, p < 0.01) and Consumer Awareness (r = 0.087, p < 0.05) show positive but lesser correlations. These findings indicate that supporting government policies, improved charging infrastructure, and increased consumer awareness are critical for boosting adoption of electric vehicles in Himachal Pradesh. The findings have significant implications for policymakers, manufacturers, and sustainability advocates, since they provide practical suggestions for increasing EV penetration in emerging and geographically restricted nations. Keywords: Electric Vehicles, Consumer Purchase Intention, Environmental Awareness, Government Policy, Charging Infrastructure, Himachal Pradesh.

Global selection of electric vehicles (EVs) will market endurable motility and help in the lowering of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the consumption of EVs is being delayed by various factors, like consumer resistance, infrastructure lack, and technological limitations. This study connects a complete comprehension of an individual’s behaviour and market scenario to the trends, theories, and factors that increase EV purchase intentions. To combine theoretical frameworks, such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM), and the Norm Activation Model (NAM), with empirical research, an integrative review of the various literature was conducted. To determine their impact on the adoption of EVs, several key factors were examined, including perceived behavioural control, financial incentives, social norms, environmental concern, and technological readiness. This review concentrated on consumer intentions of buying, which are affected by various related forces. A significant influence of concern towards the environment and control of perceived behaviour has been seen in EV selection, whereas incentives and cost considerations play a pivotal role in decision making. During the willingness to shift towards EV, technological readiness and social norms play a moderating part. This review focuses on the identification of gaps in existing research, particularly in mediating and moderating factors affecting EV adoption. Prioritisation in expanding the infrastructure of charging, incentives, and exploiting the influence of society to enhance EV adoption needs to be done by stakeholders and policymakers. Environmental benefits, technological advancements, and cost-saving marketing strategies need to be emphasised to appeal to diverse consumer segments. This study plays a part in the structural framework for understanding intentions of EV purchase, integrating behavioural theories and empirical findings. It provides applied understanding to governments, manufacturers, and marketers to transform the shift towards sustainable mobility.

Existence of hybrid electric vehicles nowadays is one of the emerging technologies worldwide. Different countries are using this technology on their transportation, and nowadays, a lot of other countries are gradually adapting on using this kind of innovation in their transport system. Philippines is among these countries which aims to have a sustainable mobility by embracing the use of hybrid - electric vehicles but still lots of consumers are lacking awareness on this technology. Lack of information on the social, environmental, and economic potential benefits are among the main issues of Philippines consumers that really affect its uptake. The goal of this study was to evaluate the consumer’s perception and purchase intention on the transition of hybrid - electric vehicles for sustainable mobility and transportation here in the Philippines. It aimed to assess consumer awareness with hybrid - electric vehicles and its potential benefits to human beings in terms of social, environmental, and economic aspects. The study also gauged the impact of this perception on consumer’s purchase intention on hybrid - electric vehicles. These objectives were attained using the Descriptive Statistics and Correlation Analysis. Using these methods, the results revealed that majority of the consumers believed on the positive benefits of transitioning to hybrid - electric vehicles in terms of social, environmental, and economic aspects. This study also showed that these benefits have high impact on the consumer’s intention of buying or having a hybrid – electric vehicle. Electric vehicle is one of the most effective measures of decarbonizing the transport system. Furthermore, government and automotive businesses must strengthen their drive in spreading awareness of hybrid – electric vehicle’s benefits to consumers to further support country’s effort for development.

Electrification of vehicles is one of the most promising measures for decarbonising the transport system. Several countries worldwide have implemented policy incentives to promote mass electric vehicle (EV) adoption to mitigate the environmental and energy-related challenges caused by the increased demand for road transportation. As a result, the number of EVs on the road is growing in several countries. However, despite the growing demand, many consumers are still sceptical about EVs. The aim of this study is to evaluate consumers' EV repurchase intention by using an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Studies on EV adoption have found TPB determinants of intention to be relevant. Additionally, this study argues that the effects of satisfaction should be considered in addition to the TPB elements to better understand repurchase intentions. Consequently, this study includes EV users' satisfaction with relevant aspects such as range-recharge, environmental attributes, cost, availability, symbolic attributes, and use-based policy measures. A structural equation model (SEM) was established to analyse a survey dataset consisting of 278 Norwegian EV owners. To assess satisfaction with EV use and the behavioural intention of EV repurchases, only the responses from actual EV users were studied. This is important because consumers with no prior experience with EVs tend to inaccurately portray their interest in a new product or service. The findings are of interest for both policymakers and EV manufacturers seeking to gain actionable insights into EV owners' needs and perceptions concerning EV attributes, thus developing and implementing better strategies to increase EV attractiveness and performance.

The urgency to mitigate climate change has accelerated the shift toward sustainable transportation, yet electric vehicle (EV) adoption in Indonesia remains limited despite policy support. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention toward electric vehicles by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with perceived value theory, examining environmental concern as an antecedent of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, as well as a direct predictor of purchase intention, and assessing the roles of perceived price, perceived risk, and perceived value in shaping purchase intention. A quantitative survey was administered to urban consumers in Indonesia (n = 345), and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The results indicate that environmental concern has a positive and significant effect on attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, and it also directly increases EV purchase intention (p < 0.05). Perceived risk significantly reduces perceived value, while perceived value significantly increases purchase intention (p < 0.05). In contrast, perceived price does not significantly affect perceived value or purchase intention, and attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, as well as the direct effect of perceived risk on purchase intention, are not significant (p > 0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that EV purchase intention is driven more by environmental concern and perceived value than by price-related considerations, implying that strategies should extend beyond financial incentives by strengthening environmental awareness and enhancing perceived value.

In order to explore the influence mechanism of consumers’ purchase intention of new energy vehicles, based on planned behavior theory, technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory, a research framework including consumers’ innovation, perceived product innovation, social impact and individual cognitive response is constructed from the perspective of consumers, and data are collected through questionnaires, The empirical research is carried out by using Mplus and SPSS software. The results show that consumer innovation has a direct positive impact on consumer purchase intention, and perceived product innovation plays an intermediary role between consumer innovation and purchase intention; Consumer innovation is positively regulated by social influence in the process of influencing perceived product innovation; And individual cognitive response plays a positive regulatory role between perceived product innovation and purchase intention. Finally, it provides suggestions for new energy vehicle enterprises to promote consumers’ purchase intention.

This study investigates the intentions of South African middle to high-income consumers towards purchasing battery electric vehicles (BEVs) against the backdrop of a global shift towards sustainable mobility. Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behaviour to examine the interplay of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, this research highlights the growing consumer interest in BEVs despite limited market share and firsthand experience. The study’s quantitative approach, employing a self-completion questionnaire and leveraging constructs validated in prior research, reveals that attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and environmental concerns are significant predictors of BEV purchase intentions. The findings underscore the significance of subjective norms as the most influential predictor of purchase intentions, followed closely by environmental concerns, suggesting that social influence and environmental awareness play critical roles in shaping consumer behavior towards BEVs in South Africa. This research contributes to the understanding of consumer attitudes towards BEVs in a South African context, offering insights for businesses and policymakers to drive adoption and align strategies with consumer preferences and environmental goals. Future research is recommended to explore longitudinal changes in consumer intentions and actual BEV purchasing behavior, expanding the model with additional constructs to reflect evolving market dynamics.

Effect of adoption of electric vehicles on public health and air pollution in China: a modelling study

Promoting electric vehicles (EVs) adoption has become one of the important paths for countries around the world to address climate change and accelerate the transformation of energy system for achieving sustainable development. As one of the important psychological factors, the research on the explanatory power of emotions to EVs purchase intention is still insufficient. This paper collected 400 valid questionnaires all around China. By incorporating emotions and moral norms into the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model, this study used structural equation model to estimate the impact of positive anticipated emotion (PAE), negative anticipated emotion (NAE), and moral norms together with TPB elements on EVs purchase intention. In order to explore the heterogeneity effect of the above factors on EVs purchase intention among consumers of different income groups, we divided the total sample into high-income subsample and low-income subsample according to the household monthly disposable income. We concluded as follows: for the total sample, PAE has the greatest impact on EVs purchase intention, followed by attitude, NAE, and perceived behavioral control (PBC). In particular, the purchase intention of high-income consumers mainly depends on NAE, while the purchase intention of low-income consumers mainly depends on PAE. Additionally, PBC has more significant impact on EVs purchase intention of high-income group. Finally, targeted policy implications are proposed to promote EVs purchase.

“Sustainable mobility is not achieved by policy alone, but by aligning technological innovation with consumer trust and everyday usability.” The transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) is critical for addressing environmental degradation, fuel dependency, and sustainable mobility challenges. In India, EV adoption is increasing, yet regional disparities remain significant, particularly in semi-urban industrial regions such as Durg–Bhilai in Chhattisgarh. Existing studies largely focus on metropolitan areas and often overlook the influence of emerging technologies such as nanotechnology-enhanced electric motors on consumer behaviour. This study aims to examine the factors influencing consumer purchase intention toward EVs while evaluating the potential role of nanotechnology-based motor enhancements in improving consumer confidence and adoption. A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior framework. Primary data were collected from 51 EV users through structured questionnaires using convenience sampling, and data were analysed using descriptive statistical techniques. The findings reveal that economic benefits, especially long-term cost savings, significantly influence purchase intention, with 76.51% of respondents identifying affordability as a major motivating factor. Environmental awareness also strongly influenced decision-making, with over 80% acknowledging EVs as beneficial for reducing pollution and global warming. However, limited charging infrastructure and high initial costs remain key barriers. The study further highlights that advancements in nanotechnology, particularly carbon nanotube-based motor components, have the potential to enhance vehicle efficiency, range, and reliability, thereby strengthening consumer trust. The research contributes to sustainable mobility literature by integrating behavioural and technological perspectives in a localized industrial context. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, automobile manufacturers, and infrastructure planners to promote EV adoption through technology-driven innovation, awareness programs, and strategic infrastructure development in emerging industrial regions.

The transition towards low-carbon transportation has intensified interest in electric vehicles (EVs), yet adoption remains uneven despite ambitious policy targets such as India’s 2030 electrification goal. This study examines behavioural drivers of EV adoption and associated sustainability outcomes by integrating the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), the technology acceptance model (TAM), and the triple bottom line (TBL) framework into a single analytical model. TPB explains behavioural intention through attitude and subjective norms, while TAM explains technology adoption through perceived ease of use (PEOU), and TBL evaluates sustainability outcomes across environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Survey data from 710 respondents were analysed using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that behavioural intention is strongly influenced by attitude and subjective norms, which in turn enhance PEOU and EV adoption. EV adoption is positively associated with environmental and economic sustainability, whereas perceived social sustainability remains comparatively weaker. Awareness mediates the relationship between EV adoption and sustainability outcomes, and government support both directly strengthens sustainability outcomes and moderates the relationship between behavioural intention and EV adoption. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by (i) empirically integrating the TPB, TAM, and TBL frameworks to link EV adoption behaviour with sustainability outcomes, (ii) identifying the mediating role of awareness and the direct effects of government support, and (iii) revealing an asymmetry in sustainability outcomes, where environmental and economic benefits exceed social benefits. The findings provide policy-relevant insights for incentive design, awareness programmes, and infrastructure planning to accelerate sustainable electric mobility.

Abstract: The rapid transition towards sustainable mobility has positioned electric vehicles (EVs) as a key solution to reducing environmental impact and promoting clean transportation. This research undertakes an integrated study to examine both the adoption of electric vehicles and the satisfaction levels of EV users in Tumkur District, Karnataka. The study aims to analyze usage behavior and the key factors influencing the decision to adopt EVs among urban and rural consumers. Further, it evaluates consumer satisfaction based on technological aspects (battery performance, charging infrastructure, vehicle range), economic considerations (cost of ownership, maintenance expenses, subsidies), and environmental consciousness (carbon footprint awareness, eco-friendly attitudes). A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving structured surveys and in-depth interviews with EV owners, dealerships, and stakeholders. The findings reveal a significant correlation between awareness levels, government incentives, and adoption rates, while satisfaction varies based on user expectations, availability of charging stations, and perceived performance. The study offers strategic insights for policymakers, manufacturers, and service providers to enhance the EV ecosystem and improve customer experience in semi-urban and rural contexts. Keywords: Electric Vehicle (EV) Adoption, Consumer Satisfaction, Usage Behavior, Technological Factors, Economic Factors, Environmental Awareness, Charging Infrastructure, Rural and Urban Consumers, Sustainable Transportation, Tumkur District, Customer Perception, Government Incentives, Green Mobility, EV Market Penetration, Post-Adoption Experience

As an ancient cultural element, Dunhuang murals have strong historical and cultural inheritance significance. This study explores the impact of cultural identity on consumers' purchase intention, which has certain theoretical significance and practical value. Theoretically, this research advances the assumptions of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by integrating cultural identity into the model. Based on the existing literature on ancient culture and cultural identity, this study proposes a new research framework to empirically test the relationship between ancient cultural symbols, cultural identity, emotional value, and consumer purchase intention. By analyzing the collected data through structural equation modeling (SEM), the study draws the following conclusions: First, ancient cultural symbols significantly enhance an individual’s sense of cultural identity and emotional value perception, thereby significantly affecting their purchase intention. Second, ancient cultural symbols impact consumers' purchase intention directly and indirectly through cultural identity and emotional value. Cultural identity also impacts consumers' purchase intention directly and indirectly through emotional value. Finally, ancient cultural symbols have a significant positive impact on purchase intention through the chain mediation effect of cultural identity and emotional value. In summary, ancient cultural symbols not only directly enhance cultural identity, emotional value, and purchase intention, but also indirectly affect purchase intention through the intermediary effects of cultural identity and emotional value. The research results provide empirical basis for the use of traditional cultural symbols in product design and marketing strategies. In particular, they provide theoretical support for the marketing strategy of Dunhuang mural casual clothing, which helps to enhance consumers' cultural identity and purchase intention.