Kesiapan Sosial dalam Adopsi Teknologi Gravity-driven Membrane (GDM) di Wilayah 3T Indonesia

Urban gentrification, social vulnerability, and environmental (in) justice: Perspectives from gentrifying metropolitan cities in Korea

From climate change to racial tension and income inequality, many difficulties face the United States and those who live within its borders. The extreme and increasing political polarization in the United States as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have only made these challenges more difficult to address. In this complex web of adversity, the concept of resilience is important to study. Resilience may be broadly defined as the ability to “bounce back” or return to adaptive functioning after experiencing significant adversity or challenges (Smith et al., 2008). Better understanding how resilience functions and the general state of resilience within the U.S. population may allow psychologists to provide better interventions and guidance to people and communities during these difficult times. A recent trend in resilience research is the use of social-ecological resilience models, which conceptualize resilience as including individual factors, external factors in an individual context, and their interaction (Ungar, 2011). However, research exploring how these external factors and their interaction with individuals relate to resilience remains limited. Given the challenges facing the United States today, social capital, anomie, and the impact of COVID-19 are examples of such external factors that appear likely to impact social-ecological resilience. This study used online survey methods to collect data from a national sample (n = 758) of the U.S. population seeking to explore the relationship between social-ecological resilience and these variables as well as SES and race. Several variables positively predicted social-ecological resilience including social capital, impact of COVID-19, and income. Anomie was found to negatively predicted social ecological resilience. Black participants also reported greater social-ecological resilience when compared to other participants and other racial differences in these variables were also identified. While this study faced some limitations, the findings underscored the importance of external factors when conceptualizing resilience. Further research is needed to further explore the relationships identified in this study and study with more diverse sample populations is needed to explore the potential impact of demographic variables upon social-ecological resilience.

With the rise in attention towards Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Hong Kong and worldwide, understanding the role of social ecological resilience in reducing parenting stress and enhancing child outcomes is crucial, particularly within the unique cultural context of Chinese families. This study utilized a social ecological model to examine resilience factors at individual and interpersonal levels among Hong Kong parents of children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. It also compared the stress and resilience conditions and differential functions of social ecological resilience between parents with and without children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. A sample of 447 parents of children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders were assessed by a newly developed Social Ecological Resilience Scale, along with measures of parenting stress and the internalizing and externalizing behaviors of their children. Independent sample t-tests showed that Chinese parents of children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders report significantly higher parenting stress and more internalizing and externalizing difficulties in their children compared to those without Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that enhanced social ecological resilience among parents predicted improved parenting stress and better outcomes in children's behaviors. Notably, social ecological resilience factors showed varying effects between parents with and without children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. These findings highlight that both individual and interpersonal resilience factors among parents predicted improved parenting stress and better outcomes in children's behaviors and certain resilience factors may be contextually motivated. Policy makers and practitioners should consider developing context-specific strategies and programmes to help the focal target group.

The purpose of this research was to determine whether depression plays a mediating role between adverse childhood experiences(ACEs) and suicidal ideation and to examine whether social ecological resilience had moderated mediating effects. The study model was designed based on PROCESS v.3.5 for SPSS by Hayes. A total of 309 samples was selected for the study, which consisted of adults aged 18 to 28 years old, and data was collected through a survey for the analysis. The main findings of this study are as follows : First, depression had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between ACEs Score and suicidal ideation. Second, social ecological resilience moderated the mediation effect of depression between ACEs and suicidal ideation. The results indicate that suicidal ideation in early adulthood was reduced by strengthening social ecological resilience. Thus, it would be useful to apply the social ecological resilience model to intervene the influence of ACEs on suicidal ideation in early adulthood.

This article defines social resilience as the ability of groups or communities to cope with external stresses and disturbances as a result of social, political and environmental change. This definition highlights social resilience in relation to the concept of ecological resilience which is a characteristic of ecosystems to maintain themselves in the face of disturbance. There is a clear link between social and ecological resilience, particularly for social groups or communities that are dependent on ecological and environmental resources for their livelihoods. But it is not clear whether resilient ecosystems enable resilient communities in such situations. This article examines whether resilience is a useful characteristic for describing the social and economic situation of social groups and explores potential links between social resilience and ecological resilience. The origins of this interdisciplinary study in human ecology, ecological economics and rural sociology are reviewed, and a study of the impacts of ecological change on a resource-dependent community in contemporary coastal Vietnam in terms of the resilience of its institutions is outlined.

Technology transfer (TT) has been of interest at global and national levels since the 1960s. It has gained growing attention in research since the introduction of the international code for technology transfer by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in 1985. The process has been studied from several angles, including economic transaction costs, international trade and strategic management. Much of research on TT in construction has largely assumed a mechanistic view on the nature of technology, as well as the process of transfer; widely conceptualized as physical artefacts, and a linear transferor-transferee relationship respectively. Such views effectively disregard the micro-processes and interactions that take place as part of the transfer process at the firm level. This study presents a different perspective on TT as a series of socio-technical interactions, and technology as a product of social construction. The theoretical framework of the social construction of technology (SCOT) is presented as an alternative to studying TT, to put into perspective, the socio-technical interactions between actors, technology and context. Through this theoretical lens, a more comprehensive understanding of the interactions between actors from transferor and transferee construction firms during the process of TT can be obtained.

With the scientific introduction of the concepts of adaptation, vulnerability and resilience, studying the parallel concepts of risk assessment and resilience monitoring is of great relevance to policy making. The key to ensuring the success of resilience building lies in accurately grasping the spatial temporal pattern and evolution of resilience, deeply understanding the social-ecological factors that promote resilience, and acutely analyzing the linkage mechanisms and feedback processes within the social-ecological system (SES). However, little is known about the progress and differences in resilience building in karst regions, and important questions regarding the relationship and interaction between Social resilience (SR) and Ecological resilience (ER) remain unexplored. To bridge this critical gap, this study evaluated ER from the perspective of ecosystem services and ecological threshold balance, evaluated SR based on the resilience criteria developed by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and constructed a social-ecological resilience coupling framework. Taking typical karst mountainous areas as research cases, 88 counties in Guizhou Province were selected for resilience assessment and coupling analysis through coupling coordination models, geographic detectors, and geographic weighted regression models. This provides insights into the nonlinear relationship between SR and ER and the dynamic evolution and influencing mechanisms of coupling coordination degree of social resilience and ecological resilience (CCD SER ). There were significant differences in the relationship between SR and ER, showing nonlinear characteristics of change. The key driving factors and spatial driving effects affecting CCD SER were identified, and resilience strategies suitable for a win-win situation between karst ecological restoration and economic development were proposed, which will help SES develop in a more sustainable direction.

This paper explores issues in the expansion of environmental justice rhetoric to the developing world, and propose insights from resilience theory, political ecology, and bioregionalism as supplements. I do this from the frame of the San Diego-Tijuana region, where regional inequalities are stark and global processes have a heavy local footprint. Sharing a broadly-defined natural region, the growing evidence of ecological crisis increasingly calls for collaboration between two communities which often perceive themselves as relatively disconnected. Understanding challenges to social-ecological resilience and environmental justice in the San Diego-Tijuana region, however, also requires understanding it as an inflection point for global economic, military, and human migration flows occurring at many scales. It is in the context of building effective regional collaboration that environmental justice must engage the analyses of scale and political economy contained in political ecology as a challenge. I suggest, however, that any environmental justice discourse informed by political ecology cannot remain abstract from the local context. A “bioregional” community forged around shared ecological systems may serve as an important resource for creating social-ecological resilience in politically divided territory.

Social resilience and ecological resilience are related and distinguished, and the potential of social resilience to enhance resilience of encompassing social-ecological systems is discussed. The value of resilience thinking is recognized, yet social resilience needs to be better understood in its distinctive qualities, while resisting identification of social resilience with one particular form of governance or organization. Emerging self-organizing citizen’s initiatives in The Netherlands, initiatives involving re-relating to nature in the living environment, are analyzed, using a systems theoretical framework which resists reduction of nature to culture or vice versa. It is argued that space for self-organization needs to be cultivated, that local self-organization and mobilization around themes of nature in daily life and space have the potential to re-link social and ecological systems in a more resilient manner, yet that maintaining the diversity of forms of knowing and organizing in the overall governance system is essential to the maintenance of social resilience and of diverse capacities to know human-environment relations and to reorganize them in an adaptive manner. Conclusions are drawn in the light of the new Biodiversity Strategy.

The essays in this themed collection critically engage with questions of environmental disaster justice from historical and contemporary perspectives. The contributions are geographically centred on urbanising societies in six countries in South, East, and Southeast Asia: India, the Philippines, Taiwan, Singapore, Indonesia, and Japan. Among the first multidisciplinary efforts to develop the concept of disaster justice and to explore it through the lens of Asia’s urban transition in the Anthropocene, the intention is to push boundaries of research longitudinally and at multiple spatial scales to identify macro as well as micro levels of disaster causalities and justice issues. Differentiated from such allied concepts as environmental justice and climate justice, disaster justice is concerned with how issues of socioecological justice are brought to the political fore by moments of crisis, rupture, and displacement. Our central premise is that disaster justice is a moral claim on governance, which arises from anthropogenic interventions in nature that incubate environmental crises and magnify their socially and spatially uneven impacts. Posing disaster justice as a problem of governance thus acknowledges that disasters always occur in political spaces, which necessitate more equitable and inclusive modes of disaster preparedness, response and redress for the underlying inequalities that contribute to conditions of compounded risk and precarity. Viewed through the lens of governance, hope is found in expressions of collective agency to effect transformative changes that focus on three main dimensions of disaster justice: the underlying social and spatial processes leading to uneven patterns of vulnerability, participatory forms of disaster governance, and just distribution of resources to support recovery and social resilience.

Introduction: Resilience is enabled by internal, individual assets as well as the resources available in a person's environment to support healthy development. For Indigenous people, these resources and assets can include those which enhance cultural resilience. Measurement instruments which capture these core resilience constructs are needed, yet there is a lack of evidence about which instruments are most appropriate and valid for use with Indigenous adolescents. The current study reviews instruments which have been used to measure the resilience of Indigenous adolescents in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States (the CANZUS nations). The aim is to provide guidance for the future use of instruments to measure resilience among Indigenous adolescents and provide recommendations for research to strengthen evidence in this area.Method: Instruments were identified through a systematic search of resilience intervention and indicator studies targeting Indigenous youth from CANZUS nations. The studies were analyzed for information on the constructs of resilience measured in the instruments, their use with the targeted groups, and their psychometric properties. A second search was conducted to fill in any gaps in information. Instruments were included if they measured at least one construct of resilience reflecting individual assets, environmental resources, and/or cultural resilience.Results: A total of 20 instruments were identified that measured constructs of resilience and had been administered to Indigenous adolescents in the CANZUS nations. Instruments which measured both individual assets and environmental resources (n = 7), or only environmental resources (n = 6) were most common. Several instruments (n = 5) also measured constructs of cultural resilience, and two instruments included items addressing all three constructs of individual assets, environmental resources, and cultural resilience. The majority of the reviewed studies tested the reliability (75%) and content or face validity (80%) of instruments with the target population.Conclusion: There are several validated instruments available to appropriately measure constructs of resilience with Indigenous adolescents from CANZUS nations. Further work is needed on developing a consistent framework of resilience constructs to guide research efforts. Future instrument development and testing ought to focus on measures which include elements of all three core constructs critical to Indigenous adolescent resilience.

This article examines the relationship between natural resources and processes of conflict and cooperation as they occur in the Global South. We introduce key issues and reflect on emerging research. With a focus on middle-range theory, moving from empirical phenomena to analytical understanding, what emerges is a nuanced view of conflict and cooperation, as embedded within specific contexts and wider processes of power and accumulation. In considering how social ecological resilience can emerge from the poorest and most marginalised groups in the Global South, middle-range theory built upon comparative case study research and data-rich analyses brings issues of environmental (in)justice in resource access and distribution to the fore. Our conclusions reiterate a view of conflict transformation whose dynamics are locally situated, with complex drivers that negate any conjuring of simplistic solutions and underline the important role research can play in informing appropriate development action.

This study aims to analyze role of Facebook as a digital advocacy tool for environmental justice, human dignity, and social resilience for its users in Sindh, Pakistan. Grounded in civic engagement and digital empowerment theories, the study explains how Facebook use impacts the construction of knowledge around environmental rights, ideas of dignity, and community resilience while analysing the moderating effects of digital literacy and content trust. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and data were collected from various users of Facebook across urban and rural contexts. Quantitative analyses show that Facebook contributes moderately to awareness regarding environmental justice (M = 3.20) and shows confidence in the new medium (M = 3.05) but lags on perceptions of human dignity (M = 2.80) and social resilience (M = 2.50). Moderation analysis results show that digital literacy and trust in content significantly shape these relationships, often enhancing the transformative potential of Facebook under such conditions. In summary, while social media can stimulate civic awareness and digital empowerment, the actual ability to generate dignity and resilience outcomes will depend on user capacity and content credibility. The result will effectively open a front toward using social media for environmental equity and inclusive development in marginalized areas by strengthening digitals capacities and building trust in content.

Against the backdrop of growing concerns for environmental and social justice, interest in developing effective strategies that support social and ecological resilience and recovery are mounting. To pursue these strategies requires cultivating a shared understanding of the full scope of settler colonial legacies that continue to impede justice efforts in conservation and environmentalism more broadly. However, although decolonial resources are growing, they remain scattered across various bodies of work and disciplines, often failing to be incorporated into conventional conservation understanding. Discounting these resources in mainstream science literature creates an immense challenge for conservation practitioners, scholars, and other professionals aiming to build their environmental justice and decolonial understanding. In alignment with these decolonial needs, we provide a brief primer of the origins of settler colonial conservation, resulting broadscale disparities, and pathways toward a more just conservation future. This synthesis of conservation’s colonial roots draws from diverse bodies of work, across disciplines and expert voices, and provides an entry point for cultivating a deeper understanding of justice and decolonization in conservation while centering the histories, realities, and futures of Indigenous Peoples worldwide.

As the challenges of globalization and climate change intensify, the importance of urban resilience in city planning is becoming increasingly evident. To adapt to this trend, innovations and improvements are essential in traditional urban land-use patterns to better fulfill the requirements of resilient urban development. In this context, this study constructs an urban resilience evaluation index system from four perspectives: social resilience, engineering resilience, ecological resilience, and security resilience to evaluate the urban resilience of Changsha City. A thorough assessment of the resilience mechanisms in Changsha’s urban layout was conducted, employing the SD-FLUS model. A resilient urban scenario is also established to restrict the conversion of high-resilience land into other land types and to predict urban land-use structures under a resilience-oriented directive. The findings indicate that areas with high ecological and safety resilience in Changsha are primarily located in the western Weishan mountain system, along with eastern mountain systems like Jiuling, Lianyun, and Mufu, forming the “green veins”. The central areas are characterized by “blue veins”, mainly represented by rivers such as the Xiangjiang, Weishui, Longwanggang, Jinjiang, Liuyang, and Laodao. Within the central urban area, high-resilience regions are primarily distributed along a framework consisting of “one ring (the city’s three-ring line), two mains (Xiangjiang and Liuyang rivers), one heart (urban green core), and six wedges”, specifying various green corridors. Under the resilience-oriented scenario, the model predicts that by 2025, the total built-up area in Changsha will be 1416.79 km². Areas with high social and engineering resilience are mainly concentrated in the central urban areas of Changsha, as well as Ningxiang and Liuyang, aligning closely with the objectives of Changsha’s latest round of national spatial planning. The built-up area layout should complement Changsha’s topography and water systems, expanding in a wedge-like manner. Overall, Changsha’s planning has successfully integrated social, engineering, ecological, and safety resilience, enhancing its adaptability and long-term sustainability. This research proposes a land-use simulation method guided by the concept of urban resilience, providing valuable insights for resilience-oriented city planning in Changsha and other cities facing similar challenges.