KELEBIHAN ASUPAN IODIUM YANG KRONIK PADA IBU MENYUSUI DAN BAYINYA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Excess or deficiency of iodine are associated with thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. In District of Demak, median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was very high but still no explanation of the causes on thyroid function of the population. To analyze iodine status of lactating mothers and their infant and sources of iodine. Participants were lactating mothers and their infant 500 μg/L was 66.9 percent and 90.8 percent respectively. Median breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) was 850 μg/L and 4.2 percent had BMIC 6.2 μIU/mL. Meanwhile, none of infants had TSH 34.0 μIU/mL. Mean fT4 of lactating mothers was 1.04+ 0.26 μmol/L. Proportion of fT4 2.0 μmol/L. Mean iodine in household’s salt was 30.0+ 20.8 ppm (range: 7.1-78.3 ppm). Meanwhile, median iodine in drinking water was 650 μg/L (range: 50-1791 μg/L). Iodine intake of lactating mothers and their infant, from drinking water, was very high. Among lactating mothers, there was a risk of subclinical hyperthyroidism as well as overt hyperthyroidism. In contrary, there was a risk of hypothyroidism of infants 500 μg/L adalah 66,9 persen dan 90,8 persen. Median kadar iodium ASI adalah 850 μg/L dan sebanyak 4,2 persen mempunyi iodium ASI 6,2 μIU/mL. Sementara itu, tidak ada bayi mempunyai TSH 34,0 μIU/mL. Rata-rata fT4 ibu menyusui adalah 1,04+0,26 μmol/L. Proporsi fT4 2,0 μmol/L. Rata-rata iodium garam rumah tangga adalah 30,0+20,8 ppm (rentang: 7,1- 78,3 ppm). Sementara itu, median iodium air minum adalah 650 μg/L (rentang: 50-1791 μg/L). Asupan iodium ibu menyusui dan bayinya, dari air minum, adalah sangat tinggi. Pada ibu menyusui ada risiko hipertiroidisme subklinik maupun hipertiroidisme. Sebaliknya, ada risiko hipotiroidisme pada bayi umur < 6 bulan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2013, 36(2):103-112] Kata kunci: kelebihan iodium, status iodium, ibu menyusui, bayi, garam, air