KAREOGENOMIC (CHROMOSOMAL) FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTIC OF CALENDULA OF MEDICAL SELECTION BY ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS

Abstract

The yield quality and raw harvest of Calendula officinalis varieties (Ryzhik, Kal'ta, Zolotoe more and Rajskij sad) were investigated. The yield of the varieties Zolotoe more and Rajskij sad was higher than the yield of varieties Ryzhik and Kal'ta in 2.2 and 1.9 times. The variety Zolotoe more has the highest yield of seeds and the weight of seeds but the smallest weight of 1000 seeds. These signs are prescience about ring-shaped seed. The sowing qualities of seeds of all varieties are matched to Government Standard (GOST) №34221-2017. The highest content of flavonoids was found in variety Rajskij sad, the lowest in variety Ryzhik. Content of active substances match to the Pharmacopeia article № 2.5.0030.15. A minor polymorphism of C/DAPI bands of chromosomes was found in the studied varieties of Calendula officinalis. The karyotype showed size variability in DAPI bands witch adjacent to the secondary construction and the satellite thread itself. As usually, it connected with the variability of ribosome genes and their different functions.