Abstract
Stomatitis is occasionally multiple, recurrent, and refractory. Currently, mucositis induced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with cancer has become a significant clinical problem. Effective treatments have not been established and the treatment of numerous cases remains a challenge for physicians. Traditional Japanese herbal medicines termed Kampo formulae (i.e., Hangeshashinto, Orengedokuto, Inchinkoto, Orento, Byakkokaninjinto, Juzentaihoto, Hochuekkito, and Shosaikoto) are used for treating various types of stomatitis and mucositis. Its use has been based on the Kampo medical theories—empirical rules established over thousands of years. However, recently, clinical and basic research studies investigating these formulae have been conducted to obtain scientific evidence. Clinical studies investigating efficacies of Shosaikoto and Orento for the treatment of cryptogenic stomatitis and acute aphthous stomatitis and those investigating the effects of Hangeshashinto, Orengedokuto, and Juzentaihoto on chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced mucositis have been conducted. The Kampo formulae comprise several crude drugs, whose mechanisms of action are gradually being clarified. Most of these drugs that are used for the treatment of stomatitis possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidative properties. In this review, we introduce the clinical applications and summarize the available evidence on the Kampo formulae for the treatment of stomatitis and oral mucositis.
Highlights
Stomatitis is a sore and often recurrent inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa, characterized by various symptoms such as the presence of vesicles, erosions, aphthae, and ulcerations
Incidence of stomatitis was 27.9% in the ORG-treated group, which was significantly lower compared with 71.6% in those who received a gargle consisting of allopurinol, sodium gualenate, and povidone-iodine (p < 0.0001)
Western medicines such as steroid ointments, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, In general, western medicines as steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, and antiviral and antifungal drugssuch are applied forointments, stomatitisnonsteroidal and oral mucositis according to the and antiviral and antifungal drugs are applied for stomatitis and oral mucositis according to the causes and symptoms
Summary
Stomatitis is a sore and often recurrent inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa, characterized by various symptoms such as the presence of vesicles, erosions, aphthae, and ulcerations. Mucositis induced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with cancer has become a significant clinical problem [1]. Kampo formula, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has its root in ancient Chinese medicine, and the antecedent form of medicine was introduced to Japan between the 5th and 6th century. It was developed into an individual form of medicine adapting the constitutions of the Japanese people
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