Justified ethicality: Observing desired counterfactuals modifies ethical perceptions and behavior

Applying the evaluability principle to nutrition table information. How reference information changes people's perception of food products

People's olfactory perception potential mapping using a machine learning algorithm: A Spatio-temporal approach

Local people's perceptions as decision support for protected area management in Wolong Biosphere Reserve, China

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the relationship between the people's perception of livelihood recovery and micro‐social capital to seek more effective disaster support at the community level.Design/methodology/approachThe household survey was conducted for a randomly selected total of 190 households in two divisions of the Ampara District of the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka. The quantitative analysis design captured the extent to which both cognitive and structural social capital factors prescribe people's overall perceptions of livelihood recovery.FindingsThe factors which best prescribe people's perceptions of livelihood recovery are formal network in the community, and leadership and trustship of community‐based organizations. The negative coefficient for newly established community‐based non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) after the tsunami assumed a serious aspect of “élite capture”, which implies a dark side of collective action with semi‐forced participation. Participatory design process in the organizations was another negative factor for livelihood recovery.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should consider influencing factors related to religious organizations and conflict issues in the area.Practical implicationsDisaster support for livelihood recovery at the community level needs serious consideration about social factors and power structure of the community, and careful design of a participatory approach to reduce the risk of “élite capture”.Originality/valueThe research facilitated a quantitative analysis on social capital and livelihood recovery, which may be quite rare, and highlights the issue of effectiveness of disaster support at the community level.

We all desire to have meaningful experiences in life, but what factors give rise to perceptions of meaning? Across seven preregistered studies (total N = 1362), we examined the role of self-transcendence (i.e., benefits to society) and self-enhancement (i.e., benefits to the self) in people's judgments of meaning, in comparison with their judgments of happiness. We found that people weighed benefits to society more heavily than benefits to the self when evaluating the meaning of different jobs (Study 1), other people's life (Study 2a), and advice given to others (Study 2b). In contrast, benefits to the self were weighed similarly to (Studies 1 and 2) or even more heavily than benefits to society (Study 3) in people's judgments about happiness, suggesting people's meaning judgment is more self-transcendent than happiness judgment. Similar differences between meaning and happiness were found in participants' first-party perceptions of their own jobs (Study 4), advice intended to improve their own lives (Study 5), and actual feelings of completing a behavioral task (Study 7), except that self-enhancement played a relatively bigger role in first-party meaning judgments than in third-party meaning judgments (Studies 4-6). The results consistently suggest that people's meaning perceptions are more self-transcendent than their happiness perceptions (Studies 1-7). Our findings help illuminate the social-cognitive processes underlying people's perceptions of meaning, as well as shed light on the similarities and differences between people's conceptualizations of meaning and happiness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Using residents' perceptions to improve park-people relationships in Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar

Walkability is an essential concept to consider when planning a sustainable city. This study aims to determine the walkability development strategy of the Jember City commercial corridors urban area based on people's and experts' perceptions of the Walkable Commercial Strip concept. The study was conducted in the urban area of Jember City Golden Triangle. The methods of analysis used in this study are ordinal logistic regression and AHP. Based on people's perceptions, the concepts that have the highest odds of influencing the first corridor's walkability level are the ones related to the available amenities variable, while the concept that has the highest odds of influencing the second and the third corridors' walkability level is the concept that is related to the walking path modal conflict variable. The order in which corridors have the highest development priority starts with the first corridor, Gajah Mada - Sultan Agung Street, followed by the second corridor, Ahmad Yani Street, and ends with the third corridor, Trunojoyo Street – HOS Cokroaminoto Street. The walkability development strategy for the urban area of Jember City commercial corridors is to start the order of development according to the order of priority and apply the development concepts that have the highest opportunity to influence the walkability level of each corridor based on people's perception.

A rejuvenated approach to urban development and inequality: Young people's perceptions and experiences in Rio de Janeiro

People's perceptions of climate change have been of great interest for understanding how people respond to climate change. Yet, studies differ greatly in how they assess climate change perceptions, which makes it difficult to compare and integrate findings. The aim of this paper is to develop and validate a scale to reliably measure people's climate change perceptions. We define climate change perceptions as people's perceptions of the reality and causes of climate change, and the perceived valence, spatial distance, and temporal distance of consequences of climate change. To measure these perceptions, an item pool was developed based on a literature search and expert review. The resulting scale was tested in three empirical studies conducted in the US and the Netherlands, which supported the factor structure; reliability; convergent, predictive, and discriminant validity; and measurement invariance of the scale. Implications for future research are discussed.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic caused social exclusion for most people. However, research on the impact of social exclusion on people's perceptions, especially on time perception, is lacking. This study examined how social exclusion influenced people's time perception, which ultimately affected their behavioral decisions. Methods: This research consisted of four experiments, and a total of 368 people participated online (43.75% women, Mage = 40.16, SD = 10.75). People who participated in each experiment were randomly assigned to a group. Participant-identifying information was not collected, and SPSS 24.0 was used to test the hypotheses. Results: Studies showed that those who experienced social exclusion perceived the same period of time as longer than those who did not (Study 1), and the number of event markers moderated this effect (Study 2). In addition, the effect of social exclusion on time perception depended on what needs social exclusion threatened (Study 3), and when related needs were satisfied, the effect disappeared (Study 4). Discussion: Prior research related to social exclusion mainly focused on the effect on pro-social or antisocial behavior. Beyond this, our study examined the impact of social exclusion on people's perception of time, ultimately influencing people's daily life behavior. The current research also found that this effect disappeared when threatened needs were fulfilled, since this effect depended on the needs threatened by social exclusion.

An artificial intelligence perspective: How knowledge and confidence shape risk and benefit perception

The perceptions and attitudes of local people in heritage sites strongly influence their behaviour related to protecting heritage resources and improving management. In this study, we collected pertinent data through a questionnaire and group discussions to examine local people's attitudes and perceptions toward participation in heritage protection in Wuyishan Scenery District (WSD). Logistic regression was used to identify the factors that influence local people's perceptions of heritage protection behaviours. The results indicate that education level is the most critical factor in local people's initiatives to protect heritage resources. Local people with higher education levels pay more attention to the status of WSD and behave more positively with regard to conservation. Gender and income are relatively important factors in perceptions of heritage. Males have better knowledge of heritage resources than females do, and inhabitants with higher income levels are more likely to participate in protection, especially after WSD was listed as a World Heritage Site. Education level was always a key demographic factor before and after WSD's listing on the Heritage List. Household size was a significant factor before WSD was listed on the Heritage List, but it was not significant after, when household income became a significant factor.

God is regularly misconstrued in society. Many argue that a primary cause of this distortion stems from people's relationships and particularly their poor relationships with their parents. Given the prevalence of strained child-parent relationships, there is a need to examine if and to what degree parents and people's perceptions of their parents influence their understanding of God. This article describes the preliminary steps involved in creating the A God-scale (AGS), a psychometric instrument that measures people's cognitive perceptions, affective experiences, and activities in relationship to God. It also points to the scale's initial use in a study that evaluated whether forgiving one's parents can affect one's relationship with God. The study's findings reveal that the AGS shows strong, initial signs of internal consistency and that it can be easily administered in a variety of pastoral and clinical settings. The findings also depict that the process of forgiving one's parents can liberate the forgivers' views of God and in this sense the God beyond as well.

ABSTRACTPolarization has become a major concern in behavioral science and popular media, as it may affect many important areas of life. For instance, how polarized are people's perceptions of risks, such as regarding (not) imposing mitigation measures during a pandemic? Answering this question is surprisingly challenging: Whereas multiple theoretical views of polarization and their respective mathematical operationalizations coexist, the latter are often used interchangeably as measures of “polarization.” This may be indicative of a jingle fallacy, because it is unknown whether the diverse ways of quantifying polarization in people's perceptions of important societal matters empirically converge. In study 1, we thus ran a reanalysis of a large dataset from the World Values Survey covering diverse topics of societal relevance (N = 93,214), finding only moderate empirical convergence between six operationalizations of polarization. In study 2, we applied the same approach focusing specifically on people's risk perceptions of COVID‐19 mitigation measures (N = 768) and found a similar pattern of low convergence between different operationalizations of polarization. However, according to one operationalization with a clear threshold for polarization, risk perceptions were polarized in 11 out of 12 experimental conditions. Our findings emphasize the need to carefully consider how polarization is operationalized to avoid broad generalizations, keeping in mind that some operationalizations may speak to specific theoretical conceptualizations. To raise awareness for this concern and support behavioral science researchers in conducting similar analyses with their own datasets, we provide a novel online tool available at https://shiny.cbdr‐lab.net/polarization.

This study aims to examine the impact of zero-waste training on young people's perceptions and behaviors. It is a quasi-experimental design with repeated measures in a single group. One week after the pre-test, participants received information on waste management and the zero-waste project, including waste types, sorting, risks, and current approaches. Data were collected one month and six months after the training. The results indicated that the training and zero-waste posters positively impacted young people's knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors. In addition to promoting environmental sustainability, zero-waste education plays a critical role in protecting public health. Despite the six-month gap, the training led to lasting awareness of zero-waste. Zero waste training programs should be integrated into national environmental and health policies. Environmental awareness raised through education can contribute to more effective implementation of waste management strategies across the country and protect public health. The findings also highlight the important role of public health nurses in promoting environmental health awareness and sustainable waste management behaviors through community-based educational interventions.