Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of cultivation of soapwort (S. officinalis L.) in its singleflowered and double-flowered (var. flore pleno hort.) forms in the soil and climatic conditions of the Primorsky region (Russia); to study the effects of S. officinalis L. vegetation time on the composition and micellar properties of saponincontaining root extracts for their use as highly effective natural surfactants. The dynamics of saponin accumulation in the root as a function of cultivation time was studied. The values of surface tension and critical micelle concentration indicators of saponins and water root extracts were established for both S. officinalis L. forms and different vegetation times. The effect of various technological factors on the micellar parameters of root saponins for both S. officinalis L. types was investigated. It was found that better saponin parameters of double-flowered form of S. officinalis L. allow recommending it as a high-potential source of natural surfactants, comparable to commercial Quillaja saponins in its micellar parameters. The identified correlation between changes in the hemolytic activity of root extracts of S. officinalis L. and its vegetative stage allows expanding the sphere of their application.
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