Justice Seekers:

This paper investigates the spatial dimension of power relations and the seeking of social justice through an urban redevelopment project. I seek to provide an on-the-ground investigation on the role of space in affecting power relations and, hence, the seeking of social justice. Bringing together a relational approach, the positioning of actors, and the broader bottom-up conceptualisation of power, this paper presents a link between power and space, suggesting that different forms of power stem from the multiple connections which different actors draw from space, be it place or shifting positions. In the context of China's villages-in-the-city redevelopment, this idea suggests that the dispossessed are not entirely powerless, although their formal rights to participate are forfeit. In other words, the power of the dispossessed is spatially defined and their seeking of justice is determined by negotiated power relations. Put in the context of a Chinese city, this paper moves the discussion of social justice beyond liberal democratic societies where most of the literature is based. Such a move is expected to generate new understandings of the geographies of social justice.

The issue of justice is one of the most important issues that all the prophets and divine reformers, as well as the wise men and thinkers of humanity have spoken about and have made great efforts to achieve it in the individuals and society, but by reviewing the theoretical and practical life of Amir al-Mu’minin Ali ibn Abi Ṭālib (AS) we are reaching a comprehensive model for the realization of justice in the individual and society. Results: The model of justice includes two theoretical and ideological areas and behavioral and practical areas. In the field of opinion and thought; Firstly, justice is a doctrinal element and is placed next to Monotheism; secondly, justice is the basis and infrastructure of other virtues and values; thirdly: Justice is the criterion and standard of measure; fourthly: Justice is not an individual and personal matter. In the field of action and behavior: The seeker of justice must pass some stages: 1. Believing that justice is a matter of faith along with Monotheism and the seeker of justice must consider moving in the path of justice as his religion; 2. Self-beginning; as the first addressee of justice, the seeker of justice must be personally just; 3. The second addressee of justice is the relatives and kin; therefore, the pursuit of justice is unavoidable among relatives and friends; 4. The third audience is its agents. Therefore, the supervision on the main agents of government and controlling them must be done well; 5. The fourth audience are the people and they should establish a just and popular government for the administration of justice. By passing through five stages, the ground for the realization of justice is provided on a global scale\n\nMethod: The research method is descriptive and analytical and it benefits from documentary and library tools.

The general thrust of Islamic jurisprudence of financial transactions is to approach the ideal of justice in exchange. The Islamic finance envisioned by Islamic economists wrongly emphasized contract forms (namely, partnership finance, ostensibly more approbated than debt finance, without any supporting evidence from Islamic scripture or classical jurisprudence). This gave rise to an industry based on legal arbitrage, synthesizing conventional finance at a cost, thus replicating any injustice or inefficiency therein, and adding inefficiency through arbitrage procedures. Mutual contracts were traditionally exempted from juristic prohibitions, for example, in interest-free loans, which are technically riba, mutual insurance and so on, because of their apparent charitable purpose, as argued by Al-Qarafi in his Furuq. However, mutual structures can be arbitraged just as easily (and inefficiently) as commutative ones. The regulatory substance of classical Islamic law – seeking justice – cannot be enforced solely through contract and corporate forms, mutual or otherwise.

Reviewed by: Seek Justice That You May Live: Reflections and Resources on the Bible and Social Justice by John R. Donahue Alisha Pomazon john r. donahue, Seek Justice That You May Live: Reflections and Resources on the Bible and Social Justice (New York: Paulist, 2014). Pp. 310 + xvii. $29.95. In Seek Justice That You May Live, John R. Donahue presents readers with his collective findings of nearly forty years of study on social justice and the biblical text. D. highlights Catholic social teaching, Vatican II’s mandate for a more biblically and theologically based social ethic (p. 2), and the idea that the “biblical material does not give direct precepts, but is necessary to inform the Christian imagination and moral dispositions” (p. 3). This combination of social ethics, moral imagination, and textual studies allows D. to offer his own reflections on the connections between social justice and the biblical text. More specifically, throughout the chapters, D. shows the process by which the concept of social justice is established in the biblical text and then later informs Catholic social teaching and action in the world. As he states, his hope is to help those who are concerned with social justice issues, and he hopes that his book will help them to “find material in the biblical texts and bibliographies to appropriate and integrate the Scripture into their own vital commitments” (p. 9). There are two types of chapters in the book. The first type looks at the broader themes of justice, covenant and law, creation and exodus. The second type examines these broader themes in specific biblical books, including the prophetic books, wisdom literature, the Gospels, as well as Pauline and Johannine writings. The final chapter “From Text to Life” offers methods of reading the biblical text. Each chapter contains a comprehensive section on further resources for use. Throughout, D. examines the themes of relationship, poverty, and the structures of power as a way of further investigating the establishment of social justice in the biblical text. Since D. is a NT specialist, it is no surprise that the chapter on social justice in Luke-Acts is the best of the book. Here, D.’s arguments concerning the various types of relationships in the biblical text (human–divine, human–human, human–world), poverty, and the structures of power coalesce into a gripping analysis of how Luke-Acts breaks down barriers that obstruct justice in the early church and in the world today. Specifically, the section on the barriers of religious hatred and division, which delves into the Samaritan stories, not only speaks to current social justice concerns and the need for memory and alternative stories but also provides concrete suggestions for how to enact social justice values in the political, social, and religious spheres. [End Page 709] Clearly D. is passionate about his subject matter, and his knowledge is apparent on every page. As a result, readers of this book are able to follow his lines of reasoning and will be engaged by his writing style. Often, books on social justice and biblical hermeneutics are overwhelming in scope. Although combining the two topics would seem to make the work even more overwhelming, D. deftly navigates between the two topics and illustrates how connecting social justice and biblical hermeneutics helps us to understand both topics separately and together. Moreover, D. avoids the pitfalls of “proof-texting” that are normal in treatments of social justice in the biblical narratives. That is, instead of trying to find a biblical verse that fits a social justice cause, D. shows how the biblical text itself generates, understands, and tries to both mitigate and eliminate that concern. There are, however, a few confusing features in the book. While D. is aware of the limitations in scope, as he chooses to reference some methodologies instead of others, he often uses texts that could be enhanced by the methodologies that are left out. For instance, he chooses to concentrate on liberation theology and leaves out feminist methodologies even when discussing women in the texts. Further, there is a shift in tone and style in the discussion of the OT texts vs. the NT texts. Whereas the tone and style...

This paper aims to shed light on the by-products of ‘justice seeking’ and challenges faced by the justice seekers in the post-justice-seeking regimes. Justice seeking might be desirable when it brings institutional changes that lessen the degree of unfair treatment. However, justice seeking, regardless of how it is sought through, might not always lead to institutions that ensure better distributive justice compared to the status quo due mainly to contestants’ failure of omission. Two justice-seeking episodes are illustrated to examine this hypothesis. Myanmar’s transition to democracy, considered as justice by the pro-democratic parties, was sought for a long time and finally achieved in 2015 through a peaceful parliamentary election. In contrast, the government of Sri Lanka, and the mass population as well, wanted justice against the insurgencies caused by the LTTE which finally achieved through armed confrontations. The case of Sri Lanka tells us that justice-seeking activities occasionally lead to such outcome as weakening of organizational ability to self-control or govern the organization that the justice seekers belong to. Likewise, Myanmar may possibly fall into the same dilemma of causing the slow pace of change associated with the general frustration in the people who want to feel tangible results immediately.

Temporary exhibition, Feb. 17, 2008–March 22, 2009. 25,000 sq. ft. Jane Leavey and Sandra Berman, curators; Gary Super, designer. Making public history projects in Atlanta that deal with the events that culminated in the 1915 lynching of Leo Frank, the Jewish manager of a pencil factory who was accused of murdering a thirteen-year-old female employee, is to wade into a minefield of contention about one of Georgia's most storied crimes. Almost a century later, Frank's murder still triggers intense local debate in which perceptions of crime and punishment intersect with anxieties about the legacy of southern vigilante violence. Simply put, this lynching is history that still lives, and for some local museums this has been reason enough to leave the story of Leo Frank alone. “Seeking Justice” was the William Breman Jewish Heritage and Holocaust Museum's effort to use exhibit practice to mediate local passions about the meaning of Leo Frank's life and death. The exhibition was long in the making: local museum professionals at the Atlanta History Center tried in the early 1990s to incorporate the Leo Frank story into an installation exploring the myths of the American South, but the Frank portion was shelved because several museum board members voiced concerns about potential controversy. (The project “Disputed Territories: Myth, Mystery, and Memory in Atlanta History” eventually emerged—sans the Frank installation—at the museum as a permanent exhibit on the myths of the South popularized by Gone with the Wind [book, 1936; film, 1939].) While the Frank story was already incorporated in the Breman's permanent installation on Jewish life in Atlanta, “Seeking Justice” finally gave this important story its own interpretive frame.

There were appeal legal effort, cassation and judicial review on Administrative Court. After the Supreme Court Act article 45A paragraph (2) letter c was applied, it was determined that not all administrative settlement dispute can be filled to cassation legal effort. The setting restriction poses legal problems to justice seekers. This article aims to study the solution of cassation rights setting restrictions so that it can be mutual for administrative justice seekers. Based on the analysis that has been done it can be concluded that the regulation on Supreme Court Act article 45A paragraph (2) letter c Act number 5 2014 was not clear in procedures and substantive. Thus the setting restriction in cassation legal effort has to consider the aspect of quality and cases type.Keywords : The restriction of cassation right, Administrative Justice System,justice seeker

Legal protection for justice seekers can be achieved through the good faith of the state administrative agency or official responsible for executing the state administrative court's decision, coupled with active community oversight of the implementation process. Indonesia requires an executive institution to implement PTUN (Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara) execution, ensuring that legal enforcement operates more efficiently, particularly within the realm of state administrative justice. This research aims to reveal and analyze how legal protection for justice seekers is implemented through state administrative courts and what steps can be taken so that legal protection can be binding. The method applied in this research is a statutory approach, a concept approach, and testing it with case studies of several cases of the State Administrative Court in Indonesia. This study found that a comprehensive approach encompassing good faith implementation, community involvement, establishment of executive institutions, capacity building, training initiatives, and public awareness campaigns is essential for safeguarding legal protection within state administrative justice systems. This collective effort aims to ensure the effective implementation of administrative court decisions, uphold the rule of Law, and protect the rights of justice seekers in Indonesia

The continuous development of information and technology (IT), demands its adoption in court institutions worldwide. Therefore, the application of e-court in Indonesia started after the publication of Supreme Court Regulation number 3 of 2018. The purpose of this article is to describe the adaptation of the Indonesian Supreme Court to the use of information technology, in an effort to improve its performance. This research focuses on two research problems, firstly, how is the regulation and implementation of electronic court in Indonesia? Secondly, what are the implications of accessing its application among justice seekers? A normative approach, which relates the broad access towards the justice seeker, was used. The implementation of IT in court processes is a reformative initiative, through innovation, efficiency, structure and system. This advancement would also assist the judges in examining, judging and declaring a case. Socially, these further helps those who seek justice to cost effectively simplify and hasten the process, therefore mark a new era.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of E-Court to eradicate the activities of judicial corruption. Corruption in the administration sector is closely related to the relationship between justice seekers and court administration staff. The problems raised in this study are how functionalization of E-Court in eradicating judicial corruption in administrative management of cases in the courts in JABODETABEK and how to reform the management of administrative court in the future. This study uses an empirical method approach with descriptive analytical research specifications. This is because this research seeks to illustrate the facts of the effectiveness of the e-court system in eradicating corruption in the court administrative management sector. This concept of public service must be well understood by the judiciary. The functionalization of e-court is considered not optimal since many justice seekers do not know the existence and usefulness of the system. It is expected that the e-court system will support the establishment of the principle of quick, simple and low cost justice in the administrative management of cases. Keywords: E-Court, Court Administrative System, Corruption

The Religious Courts, in the last decade (since 2005) or since the implementation of the one roof system of judiciary, have made various improvements in the administration of justice to support efforts to reform the judiciary based on the principles of transparency and accessibility for all. the justice seeker. The Religious Courts are trying to reform several sub-systems in the judicial system that have so far not reflected equal access for justice seekers as well as protection or partiality for the rights and legal access of women, children, and the poor. The results of this study indicate that: the religious court is a place to seek justice and resolve Islamic family law problems, so in providing services to the community, it has the main task of providing fair and humane treatment to justice seekers, providing sympathetic services and assistance needed for justice seekers, and provide effective, efficient, thorough and final settlement of cases so as to satisfy the public.

In the legal policy level, the government of Indonesia has already had the policies to assist the justice seekers who are financially weak to have an access to justice through court. There are two research problems in this matter. First, does the policy on the legal assistance as stipulated in Law Number 16 of 2011 work optimally for the justice seekers who are financially weak? Second, how is the implementation of the policy on the legal assistance in the practices? The normative research was conducted to answer those two questions, through document data such as Law No.48 of 2009 on The Principles of Justice Power, Law No. 8 of 2003 on Advocate, and Law No. 16 of 2011 on Legal Assistance, and the implementation of those regulations in the practices in several places. The conclusion obtained from the research is: First, it is not yet optimum since the policy especially in terms of budget allocation of the legal assistance is still low. The professional lawyers tend to avoid their obligation to free give legal assistance to the poor. Second, in practice, the legal assistance is not yet enjoyed by the poor justice seekers. The economic and good will are the influencing factors.

Contitutional Court of Indonesia Through Decision Number 34/PUU-XI/2013 basically has opened th e space for Request Civil (PK) in Criminal Case is not just once. After that desicion,The Supreme Courtpublish the policy who contradicted with that decision through The Circular of Supreme Court of Indonesia (SEMA) Number. 7 Year 2014 on Reconsideration Request Civil (PK) In Criminal Case.This contradiction make confusion for the law enforcer and justice seekers. The Purpose of this paper is for knowing how legal standing of Constitutional Court of Indonesia Decision and legal standing SEMA in Indonesia Legal system and how the execution Constitutional Court of Indonesia decision number 34/PUU-XI/2013 after SEMA Number. 7 Year 2014 has published. The study in this paper begins with discussing about legal standing of constitusional review on law in indonesian legal system.Next this paper discussing about the circular as a policy rule (beleidsregel). The last ,as key of discussion is about execution of Constitutional Court of Indonesia Decision Number 34/PUU-XI/2013after SEMA Number 7 Year 2014 has published.The conclusions of this paper are : 1) Legal standing of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia decision in indonesia legal syetem can be said to have a degree equivalent to the law. 2) Legal Standing of circular letter is a form of policy rule and is not included in the scope of legislation as regulated in Law no. 12 Year 2011 on the Establishment of Laws and Regulations so that it's not Erga Omnes, but only intended for internal institutional self. 3)The existence of SEMA does not make the Constitutional Court of Indonesia decision to be nonexecutable. Thus Constitutional Court of Indonesia Decision Number 34 / PUU-XI / 2013 which was followed by the justice seeker and executed by the law enforcer.

<em>This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of E-Court to eliminate judicial corruption activities. Actions or policies permitted by law and which are not permitted. Corruption in the administration sector is closely related to the relationship between justice seekers and individual administrative staff. The issues raised in this study are How is the systematic E-Court in Suppressing Judicial Corruption in Case Administration Management in Courts in JABODETABEK and How to Improve Administrative Management of Courts in the Future. This study uses an empirical method approach with descriptive analytical research specifications. This is because this study seeks to describe the facts of the E-Court System Effectiveness in the field of suppressing Corruption in the Court's administrative management sector and the factors faced so that it can finally describe the concept of implementing a clean court management system with technology and improvement efforts. The concept of public services must be well understood by the judiciary, because until now there are still many complaints about legal services originating from the justice seeker community. The functionalization of E-Court is not optimal because there are still many justice seekers who still do not know the existence and use of the system. The E-Court system is expected to support the realization of judicial principles that are fast, simple and inexpensive in managing case administration</em>

The detective fiction, as one of the most engaging genres of literature, occupies a significant place in the literary traditions of various cultures. Since its emergence in the 19th century, the genre has evolved under the influence of diverse social, cultural, and historical contexts. This study examines the evolution of the detective genre through a comparative analysis of Kazakh, Polish, and Western literary traditions, highlighting the interplay of cultural uniqueness and universal trends. In Western literature, pioneers such as Edgar Allan Poe and Arthur Conan Doyle laid the foundations of the detective genre by introducing canonical elements such as the logical investigator and methodical crime-solving. Later, during the Golden Age of detective fiction, writers like Agatha Christie refined these conventions, emphasizing the intellectual puzzle. In contrast, the emergence of the hard-boiled tradition, represented by authors such as Dashiell Hammett and Raymond Chandler, shifted the genre toward psychological depth and more pronounced social critique. In Polish literature, the genre gained prominence in the 20th century and continues to evolve, reflecting socio-political themes through various historical lenses. Contemporary authors such as Marek Krajewski and Zygmunt Miłoszewski, who gained popularity in the 21st century, write historical detective fiction set in earlier periods, including socialist Poland, intertwining psychological and political narratives that showcase the genre’s adaptability to complex socio-political landscapes. Kazakh literature, though a later entrant to the detective tradition, integrates national identity, ethical values, and oral storytelling traditions, as seen in the works of Kemel Tokayev and other contemporary writers. This comparative analysis demonstrates that while the core purpose of the detective genre – seeking justice and uncovering the truth – remains consistent across cultures, each national context inflects this aim differently, reflecting distinct social concerns, moral codes, and narrative strategies. However, its expression varies across cultures, reflecting distinct social, philosophical, and historical nuances. The study also highlights the influence of globalization and cultural dialogue, as Kazakh and Polish authors adapt Western methodologies while preserving national distinctiveness. KEYWORDS: Kazakh literature, Polish literature, Western literature, detective genre