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Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion Names New Deputy Editor

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Abstract
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Florida, who has served as an Associate Editor of the Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion (JPED) since 2013, has agreed to become Deputy Editor of JPED, announced Dr. Ursula Kattner, Editor-in-Chief. We applaud him for his service and contributions to JPED and the scientific community and welcome him to his new position as Deputy Editor.

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Based on the theory established in Part I, an axisymmetric computational model for liquid phase electroepitaxial growth of ternary semiconductor crystals is developed in this part. The model accounts for mass diffusion and electromigration in the liquid phase, Joule heating and mass diffusion in the solid phase, and Peltier cooling, phase equilibrium and mass conservation at the growth interface. The finite element method is used to solve the governing equations of the model. Numerical simulations are carried out for LPEE growth of AlGaAs crystals. A detailed analysis for the relative contributions of diffusion and electromigration to the growth rate and crystal composition is presented. The computed results are consistent with experimental observations.

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Phase equilibrium and diffusion in binary systems based on nonyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and their homo- and copolymers
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The phase equilibrium and diffusion in systems based on nonyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and their homopolymers and copolymers of different compositions have been studied in the range of 20–100°C by the microinterference technique. For the systems with the limited solubility of components, the phase diagrams have been constructed. It has been established that, with a rise in the content of carboxyl groups in the copolymers, the diffusion coefficients and the thermodynamic compatibility of the monomers decrease. It is suggested that the nonlinear pattern of a variation in the diffusion coefficient with the content of acrylic acid in the copolymers is predominantly associated with a change in the type of hydrogen bonds and the formation of carboxyl dimers upon the transition to poly(acrylic acid). The concentration of carboxyl groups may serve as a parameter indicating variations in thermodynamic compatibility and diffusion constants of the monomers with the intensity and type of hydrogen bonds in the polymers under study. The presence of hydrogen bonds and their type are estimated on the basis of the IR spectra of the homo- and copolymers of interest.

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Diffusion Coefficients and Phase Equilibria of the Cu-Zn Binary System Studied Using Diffusion Couples
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The diffusion behavior and phase equilibria in the Cu-Zn binary system were investigated using solid–solid and solid–liquid diffusion couples. Heat treatments at temperatures ranging from 100 to 750 °C were performed and the samples were examined using optical microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis to identify the phases and to obtain composition profiles. Solubility limits of both solid solution and intermetallic phases were then evaluated, and a forward-simulation analysis (FSA) was applied to extract interdiffusion coefficients. The composition profiles from Hoxha et al. were also re-analyzed using FSA to obtain more reliable diffusion coefficient data without the assumption of constant diffusion coefficients for the intermetallic phases. A comprehensive assessment of the interdiffusion coefficients in three intermetallic phases of the Cu-Zn system was performed based on the results from the current study as well as those in the literature. Activation energies and Arrhenius pre-factors were evaluated for each phase as a function of composition. The fitted equations based on the comprehensive assessment have the capabilities of computing the interdiffusion coefficients of each of the phases at a given composition and temperature. Suggested modifications to the Cu-Zn binary phase diagram were presented based on the new experimental information gathered from the present study. A clear explanation is provided for the puzzling low Zn concentrations often observed in the Cu-rich fcc phase of Cu-Zn diffusion couples in comparison with the expected high solubility values based on the equilibrium Cu-Zn phase diagram.

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Simulation of the Inversion of the Aluminum Profile Gradient at Liquid Phase Epitaxy of GaAl(P, As, Sb) Heterostructures
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В роботі досліджені причини та закономірності явища інверсії градієнта профілю алюмінію в епітаксіальних гетероструктурах Ga-Al-Nm, що вирощуються методом примусового охолодження ростового розчину-розплаву, де Nm – неметал або напівметал 5-ї групи (P, As, Sb).
\nМатематичне моделювання процесу рідиннофазної епітаксії здійснюється в наближенні Пфанна в таких припущеннях. Задача одновимірна, епітаксіальна плівка росте пошарово за механізмом Франка – ван дер Мерве. Дифузія в твердій фазі «заморожена», затверділі шари в подальшому не перемішуються. Зниження температури настільки повільне, що швидкість дифузії в рідкій фазі значно перевищує швидкість росту плівки (повне перемішування рідкої фази). Ступінь перенасичення ростового розчину-розплаву настільки мала, що концентрації компонентів в наростаючих шарах твердої фази визначаються рівноважною діаграмою стану (квазірівноважне наближення). Зважаючи, що в рідкій фазі превалює галій, а концентрації алюмінію та фосфору, арсену чи стибію не перевищують кількох процентів, рідка фаза розглядається як розбавлений квазірегулярний розчин. Кристалічна фаза розглядається як ідеальний твердий розчин внаслідок майже тотожних кристалічних граток в кожній парі GaP–AlP, GaAs–AlAs, GaSb–AlSb.
\nЧисельні розрахунки пошарового профілю хімічного складу епітаксіальних плівок проведені для ростових процесів при кількох різних початкових складах ростового розчину-розплаву: для Ga-Al-P – від ізотерми ліквідусу 1500 К, для Ga-Al-As – від 1200 К та для Ga-Al-Sb – від 850 К. Результати представлені на графіках залежності складу твердої фази від температури кристалізації та від глибини шару плівки, а також на діаграмі переміщення фігуративної точки складу рідкої фази в ході ростового процесу. Порівняння результатів моделювання з експериментальними даними підтверджує коректність застосованої моделі.
\nПоказано, що при кожній температурі існує так званий «інверсний» склад, що характеризується певним вмістом алюмінію в твердій фазі. Тверді розчини, де вміст алюмінію перевищує інверсний, кристалізуються надалі тільки з подальшим збільшенням алюмінію в напрямку зростання. Якщо ж зміст алюмінію в твердій фазі менше інверсного, то подальший епітаксіальний ріст відбувається зі зменшенням частки алюмінію у вирощуваній плівці. Але якщо в ході охолодження фігуративна точка ростового розчину-розплаву перетинає інверсну криву, відбувається інверсія градієнта профілю алюмінію: шари твердої фази, які до цього моменту наростали із зменшенням частки алюмінію, продовжують наростати з її збільшенням. Причиною такого явища є можлива компенсація двох пов’язаних між собою конкуруючих факторів: зменшення кількості неметалу в рідкій фазі та збільшення коефіцієнту сегрегації алюмінію при охолодженні ростового розчину. Встановлено співвідношення між формою інверсної кривої та параметрами фазової діаграми. Показана принципова можливість вирощування в ході єдиного технологічного процесу планарних гетероструктур Ga-Al-P та Ga-Al-As (але не Ga-Al-Sb), придатних для виготовлення мікроелектронних хвилеводних пристроїв.

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This paper presents a simplified model for approximate analysis of the solute redistribution in coarsening dendrite arms during solidification of binary metal alloys. By introducing a quadratic concentration profile with a time-dependent coefficient, the integral equation for diffusion in the solid phase is reduced to a simple differential relation between the coefficient and the solid-liquid interface position. The solid fraction corresponding to the system temperature is readily determined from the relation, phase equilibrium and the overall solute balance in which the liquid phase is assumed to be completely mixed. In order to validate the developed model, calculations are performed for the directional solidification of Al-4.9 mass Cu alloy. The predicted eutectic fractions for a wide range of the cooling rate reasonably agree with data from the well-known experiment as well as sophisticated numerical analyses. Also, the results for the back diffusion limits are consistent with available references. Additional calculations show that the characteristic parameters such as the coarsening, density variation and nonlinarity in the phase diagram significantly affect the microsegregation. Owing to the simplicity, efficiency and compatibility, the present model may be suitable for the micro-macroscopic solidification model as a microscopic component.

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The influence of the composition of statistical copolymers of nonyl acrylate with acrylic acid on the rate of mass transfer and phase equilibrium in solutions with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A was studied. For these systems, the data on concentration dependencies of mutual diffusion coefficients and phase diagrams were obtained. The results were interpreted on the basis of the assumption about the effect of the effective concentration of nodes of the network of hydrogen bonds on the mutual diffusion and phase equilibrium. The dependencies of the mutual diffusion coefficients on the content of acrylic acid in the copolymers are described in terms of the free volume theory. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2353–2356, 1999

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Solubility in soap solutions. Part 10.—Phase equilibrium, structural and diffusion phenomena involving the ternary liquid crystalline phase
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in the Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion (JPED) during the year and choses several outstanding papers for the Editor's Choice Award.Several factors, including quality of the research, text, and figures, as well as originality and relevance to the field are considered in the selection process.Each year it is difficult to select a short list of papers from the rich field of excellent papers.This year it was particularly difficult because of two special issues honoring giants in the field of materials science and engineering, Ted Massalski and Mats Hillert, which attracted outstanding papers.The Award will be given to six traditional papers and two open access papers.In addition, the traditional papers will be freely available via the Springer/

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Development of a quasi-dimensional vaporization model for multi-component fuels focusing on forced convection and high temperature conditions
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Development of a quasi-dimensional vaporization model for multi-component fuels focusing on forced convection and high temperature conditions

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