Abstract
In this paper, an estimation algorithm for the position and velocity of a moving target in a multistatic radar system is investigated. Estimation accuracy is improved by using bistatic range (BR), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), and Doppler shifts. Multistatic radar system includes several independent receivers and transmitters of time synchronization. Different transmitters radiate signals of different frequencies, and receivers detect the Doppler shifts of the received signals. These estimation parameters, BR, TDOA, and Doppler shifts, are readily available. The proposed algorithm combines different estimated parameters and optimizes estimation accuracy by two-step weighted least squares minimisations (WLS). This estimation algorithm is analysed and verified by simulations, which can reach the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) performance under mild Gaussian noise when the measurement error is small. Numerical simulations also demonstrate the superior performance of this method.
Highlights
There are two modes for the multistatic radar system [4, 5], one is that a multistatic radar system consists of one transmitter and N receivers (T-RN) [6] and the other is that the multistatic radar system which is composed of M identical transmitters and N identical receivers, radiating in a common coverage area (TM-RN) [3]
Several localization algorithms about the multistatic system, including radar and sonar, have been developed such as time-of-arrival (TOA) [7], time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) [8, 9], Doppler shift [10, 11], bistatic range (BR) [2], angle-of-arrival (AOA) [8, 12], and received signal strength (RSS) [13]
We present a joint position and velocity estimation algorithm, which uses Doppler shifts, BR, and TDOA, to estimate the position and velocity of a moving target. is algorithm is optimized based on two-step weighted least squares minimisations (WLS) [9, 18]
Summary
Doppler shifts can be detected through receivers. A moving target creates Doppler shifts which depend on the location and speed of a target. us, it can be exploited to improve the localization accuracy in the multistatic radar system [12], and the accuracy of velocity estimation can be improved. Single parameter can be used to estimate the position or velocity in some cases, but the accuracy needs to be improved. We present a joint position and velocity estimation algorithm, which uses Doppler shifts, BR, and TDOA, to estimate the position and velocity of a moving target. A set of pseudolinear BR, TDOA, and Doppler shift equations are established by introducing nuisance parameters, rewriting pseudolinear equations to a linear equation that can utilize the calculation formula of WLS, and the initial estimation of position and velocity is obtained. Error terms are calculated by WLS, and the final estimation of position and velocity is obtained through subtracting the error terms from initial values.
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