Abstract
Rotating mirror cameras represent a workhorse technology for high speed imaging in the MHz framing regime. The technique requires that the target image be swept across a series of juxtaposed CCD sensors, via reflection from a rapidly rotating mirror. Employing multiple sensors in this fashion can lead to spatial jitter in the resultant video file, due to component misalignments along the individual optical paths to each CCD. Here, we highlight that static and dynamic fiducials can be exploited as an effective software-borne countermeasure to jitter, suppressing the standard deviation of the corrected file relative to the raw data by up to 88.5% maximally, and 66.5% on average over the available range of framing rates. Direct comparison with industry-standard algorithms demonstrated that our fiducial-based strategy is as effective at jitter reduction, but typically also leads to an aesthetically superior final form in the post-processed video files.
Highlights
Rotating-mirror framing cameras readily facilitate high-speed imaging in the MHz framing regime: a capability that has been exploited for defence, aerospace and medically-related studies
Having observed image jitter within image sequences acquired on a rotating mirror camera (Media 2 inset (a)), we showed that this apparent frame-to-frame displacement arose mainly due to small geometric misalignments in the optical hardware
Judicious choice of static and dynamic fiducials allowed us to execute a correction algorithm that compensated for camera jitter (Media 2 inset (b)) which performed comparably with an industry standard processing routine [8] (Media 2, inset (c)) and produced a superior aesthetic result
Summary
Rotating-mirror framing cameras readily facilitate high-speed imaging in the MHz framing regime: a capability that has been exploited for defence, aerospace and medically-related studies. In this last category, the recent realisation that ultrasound-stimulated microbubble cavitation may be utilised for therapeutic purposes [1] has led to an intense research effort to ascertain the details of cavitation processes at [sub-]microsecond temporal resolutions [2,3,4,5,6,7]. The benefits of rotary mirror systems, relative to their non-optomechanical counterparts, include the superior image resolution, high intrinsic dynamic range, and the relatively large sequence record depth, all of which are preserved even at maximum framing rate [7].
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