Abstract
Length-dependent charge redistribution in dangling-bond (DB) linear chains fabricated on a hydrogen-terminated $\mathrm{Si}(100)\ensuremath{-}(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ surface is analyzed by using scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles calculations. The second-layer Si atoms are displaced alternately to form pairs with charge redistribution, which is explained by the Jahn-Teller distortion in an artificial pseudomolecule. In a short even-numbered (DB) structure, an unpaired second-layer Si atom exists and behaves as a soliton accompanied by the flip-flop motion of the structure. We point out that the odd-even problem, the edge effect, and the finite length of the DB structures are indispensable to understand the relaxation in the structures.
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