Jacob Böhme in three worlds. The reception in central-eastern Europe, the Netherlands, and Britain. Edited by Lucinda Martin, Cecilia Muratori and Claudia Brink. Pp. xii + 492 incl. 2 tables and 101 colour and black-and-white ills. Berlin–Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2023. £45.50. 978 3 11 072049 5

Language learning

Language learning

Where have I been? Where am I? Fair daylight? I am mightily abused… Pray, do not mock me… I fear I am not in my perfect mind. Methinks I should know you, and know this man; Yet I am doubtful for I ...

Integration Through Law: Europe and the American Federal Experience. Volume 1: Methods, Tools and Institutions. Edited by Mauro Cappelletti, Monica Seccombe and Joseph Weiler. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1986. Book 1: A Political, Legal and Economic Overview. Pp. xc, 616. DM 256; $71.80. - Integration Through Law: Europe and the American Federal Experience. Volume 2: Environmental Protection Policy. By Eckard Rehbinder and Richard Stewart. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1985. Pp. xxiv, 350. Index. DM 132; $60. - Volume 81 Issue 3

W. Hugh Woodin. The axiom of determinacy, forcing axioms, and the nonstationary ideal. De Gruyter series in logic and its applications, no. 1. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 1999, vi + 934 pp. - Volume 8 Issue 1

Nietzsche’s Protestant Fathers: A Study in Prodigal Christianity

An American contribution to German anesthesia.

Vitamin D deficiency rickets occurs in sunny countries, mainly due to man-made environmental factors associated with avoidance of sunshine. This situation can be prevented by more health e...

6,7-Dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, the immediate biosynthetic precursor of riboflavin, is synthesized by condensation of 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate. The gene coding for 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (RIB4) has been cloned by functional complementation of a mutant accumulating 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione, which can grow on riboflavin- or diacetyl- but not on 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-supplemented media. Gene disruption of the chromosomal copy of RIB4 led to riboflavin auxotrophy and loss of enzyme activity. Nucleotide sequencing revealed a 169-base pair open reading frame encoding a 18.6-kDa protein. Hybridization analysis indicated that RIB4 is a single copy gene located on the left arm of chromosome XV. Overexpression of the RIB4 coding sequence in yeast cells under the control of the strong TEF1 promoter allowed ready purification of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase to apparent homogeneity by a simple procedure. Initial structural characterization of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase by gel filtration chromatography and both nondenaturing pore limit and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the enzyme forms a pentamer of identical 16.8-kDa subunits. The derived amino acid sequence of RIB4 shows extensive homology to the sequences of the beta subunits of riboflavin synthase from Bacillus subtilis and other prokaryotes.

Desiring martyrs. Locating martyrs in space and time. Edited by Harry O. Maier and Katharina Waldner. (SpatioTemporality/RaumZeitlichkeit, 10.) Pp. iv + 236. Berlin–Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2021. £54.50. 978 3 11 068248 9; 2365 3221 - Volume 74 Issue 1

Finite nonabelian 2-groups all of whose minimal nonabelian subgroups are metacyclic and have exponent 4

Reviewed by: Germanica selecta: Ausgewählte Schriften zur germanischen und deutschen Philologie zum 75 by Stefan Sonderegger John M. Jeep Germanica selecta: Ausgewählte Schriften zur germanischen und deutschen Philologie zum 75. Geburtstag des Autors. By Stefan Sonderegger. Ed. by Harald Burger and Elvira Glaser. Tübingen: A Francke, 2002. Pp. 659. ISBN 3772027830. $153.83 (Hb). Published in recognition of Professor emeritus Stefan Sonderegger’s 75th birthday, Germanica selecta contains thirty-three of the honoree’s many published articles on Germanic and German philology. Dating from 1959 through 2000, the articles display Sonderegger’s unusual scholarly breadth and depth while simultaneously documenting and acknowledging a long and illustrious research agenda. Sonderegger taught at the University of Zurich for well over thirty years and was celebrated upon his retirement in articles by his colleagues, former students, and friends in a remarkable and important festschrift Verborum amor (ed. by Harald Burger, Alois M. Haas, and Peter von Matt, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1992). These two collections present complementary aspects of Sonderegger’s solid work in Germanic philology, with a strong concentration on the medieval period as well as scholarly works which frequently draw on territory Sonderegger himself has charted. Germanica selecta includes an update of the bibliography in the festschrift, with some seventy-five items for the period 1992–2002. The six headings under which the essays are classified help outline Sonderegger’s wide range, thus the appeal this collection offers: ‘Comparative history of the Germanic languages’, ‘Germanic-German legal and charter language’, ‘The history of the German language in general’, ‘Old High German language and literature’, ‘Middle High German and Early New High German’, and ‘The history of the study of Germanic philology and the Brothers Grimm’ [translations mine]. Only one of the articles (‘Languages and culture in the Germanic-speaking world: The history of the written word’, translated for publication in 1997) is in English. But these headings, as broad as they sound, only hint at the areas Sonderegger commands: Gothic, his native Alemannic dialect, Swedish, Dutch, Latin, and Greek, onomastics, runes, historiography, legal issues, translation, rhetoric, oral and written registers, lexicology, humanism, theology, xenophobia, and St. Gall, among others. Had an index been provided, it would have been extensive and impressive indeed. No fewer than six articles deal with Notker Labeo, the Benedictine monk (d. 1022) whose translations and commentary of classical and Biblical texts Sonderegger has studied in great detail. In his descriptions of historical linguistic phenomena, Sonderegger strives to uncover both that which is consistent across time and that which is changing, following, as it were, in Jacob Grimm’s footsteps—Grimm having described language as ‘that which never stands still’ (das unstillstehende). One of the masterworks of twentieth-century historical linguistic studies of German is Sonderegger’s own Grundzüge deutscher Sprachgeschichte: Diachronie des Sprachsystems, vol. 1 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1979). The editors claim they have selected Sonderegger’s most important articles from 1959–2000, without attempting to justify their choices. Not only are [End Page 190] the essays reprinted (and retypeset), but some small corrections have been included. Equally important, the editors have thankfully added wording to alert the reader to cited articles that are in this collection. Original publication data are provided, although the references to the reprinted articles do not include updated pagination, a minor irritation. Nearly two-thirds of the essays first appeared in festschrifts, some of which may not be readily available in libraries, a further justification for this new volume. Some lack of consistency occurs naturally, due to editions being available at various junctures or to original editing norms (for example, the use of abbreviations). Those familiar with Sonderegger’s work will here again appreciate his use of reproductions from manuscripts and other books (some from his own remarkable private library), the inclusion of tables and charts, and his unfailing strategy of providing rich original linguistic documentation as well as critical footnotes. Like few others in the field, Sonderegger has a command of the history of the discipline of Germanic philology and has made its founder, Jacob Grimm, an object of his research. For readers of Language, of special interest might be Sonderegger’s investigation of Grimm’s...

182LANGUAGE, VOLUME 76, NUMBER 1 (2000) My more general complaint has to do with the use of features, and this is not an issue for G&P alone. The minimalist framework puts more emphasis on features and functional projections than the paradigm that preceded it. G&P take seriously the consequences of focusing on features as driving syntactic structure. Since the features themselves encode a good part of the syntax/semantics interface, it is necessary to treat them with great care and rigor, otherwise they become wild cards in the analyses. I would ask the following questions in the context of featuredriven syntax. • What kind of semantic elements should features represent? And are there principles governing translation ofsemantic representations into features? For example, G&P assign a definite feature to certain temporal arguments; but definiteness interacts in complex ways with other elements and occurs at various syntactic loci—can their definite feature accommodate these facts? • What happens when we apply ideas about feature systems in a serious way to morphosyntactic features? Can we make any predictions with respect to underspecification, numbers of forms, language shift, variation, or acquisition? G&P do employ ideas such as unmarked vs. marked features in their analyses. But it would be valuable to spell out, for example, the implications of having all English verbs marked + perfective, in the context of a larger feature system. • When features drive syntactic structure, how directly or indirectly can they do so? G&P propose that you only have projections when there is positive evidence in syntax. However they also say there may be null heads of functional projections which the syntax requires independently. Proposals such as these could provide an angle on this question. These are not questions for G&P alone, and G&P do take some steps towards answering them. Even if they tum out to be wrong in some of the details of their analyses, the book is a step forward in understanding the temporal nature of the syntax/semantics interface. REFERENCES Kratzer, Angelika. 1979. Conditional necessity and possibility. Semantics from different points of view, ed. by Rainer Bauerle, Urs EgIi, and Arnim von Stechow, 117-47. Berlin: Springer. -----. 1981. The notional category of modality. Words, worlds and contexts: New approaches to word semantics, ed. by H. J. Hiekmeyer and H. Rieser, 38-94. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. -----. 199 1 . Modality. Semantik/Semantics: Ein internationales Handbuch der zeitgenossichen Forschung/An international handbook of contemporary research, ed. by Arnim von Stechow and Dieter Wunderlich, 639-56. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. Ter Meulen, Alice. 1995. Representing time in natural language: The dynamic interpretation of tense and aspect. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 6313 Phillips Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15217 [tenny@linguist.org] Semiotic grammar. By William B. McGregor. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp. xxi, 421. Reviewed by Yishai Tobin, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Semiotics is an open-ended field. Different linguistic theories define and focus on grammar in quite diverse ways. So at first glance, a volume entitled Semiotic grammar could mean almost anything to anybody. It becomes quite clear in the 'Preface' (vi-xii), however, that McGregor had a very specific purpose for writing this book: to revise the foundations of systemic functional grammar (SFG) associated with William Halliday and his disciples by applying them to descriptions of languages other than English (Aboriginal languages of Australia in general and Gooniyandi in particular). It resulted in what he claims to be a new theory of semiotic grammar (SG). REVIEWS183 Ch. 1, 'Introduction' (1-20), introduces the new theory of SG and places it in its eclectic theoretical and methodological framework in contrast to, as well as combining selected aspects of, other formal and functional theories of grammar (in a way similar to Tobin 1975, 1985); outlines its goals and aims; and delineates its criteria for adequacy concerning language typology, universals, and text analysis based on full-fledged analyses of, or at least references to, a wide set of diverse languages in a way quite different from other semiotic approaches (Tobin 1990, 1993, 1994). Ch. 2, 'Basic concepts of grammatical theory' (21-53), specifically discusses the well-known and fundamental concepts ofconstituency, units and functions, parts of speech, signs, syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations, and meaning. In the tradition of Saussure's signifi...

Book Reviews —Quality Control and Applied Statistics, Volume II. Edited by R. S. Titchen, et al. (1957) Issue 2, pp. 49–144. Interscience Publishers, Inc., 250 Fifth Ave., New York 1, N. Y. (An Abstract Service; $60.00 for 12 monthly issues.)—reviewed by Paul Peach; —Allgemeine Methodenlehre der Statistik, by Prof. Dr. Johann Ppanzagl, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1960, 205 pp., DM 5,80 ($1.40)—reviewed by Kurt Meisels; —Creativity and Its Cultivation, Harold H. Anderson, Editor, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959, ($5.00)—reviewed by Harold J. Leavitt; —Theorie des Graphes et ses Applications (Theory and Applications Of Graphs) by C. Berge, Dunod Editeurs. Paris, 1958, 277 pp—reviewed by E. J. Gumbel; —The Management of Corporate Capital. Ezra Solomon, editor. Glencoe, Illinois. The Free Press, 1959, 321 pp. ($7.50)—reviewed by Sidney M. Robbins; —Elementary Decision Theory by Herman Chernoff and Lincoln E. Moses. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1959, 364 pp—reviewed by Jean Mathes; —Management Dictionary, by Werner Sommer and Hanns-Martin Schönfeld, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter and Co., 1960, 176 pages, DM 12—reviewed by S. B. L.; —Logistics in the National Defense, by Henry E. Eccles. Harrisburg: The Stackpole Company, 1959. Pp. 347. $5.00—reviewed by Nathan Brodsky; —Executive Decisions and Operations Research by David W. Miller and Martin K. Starr. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pp. 446—reviewed by Nathan Brodsky; —Operations Research and Systems Engineering. Edited by Charles D. Flagle, William H. Huggins and Robert H. Roy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, x + 889 pp. $14.50—reviewed by S. Sherman. Books Received

This is a publisher’s version of an article published in Multilingua 1990 published by Walter de Gruyter. This version is reproduced with permission from Walter de Gruyter. www.reference-global.com