ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PIGMENT PRODUCING BACTERIA AND THEIR POSSIBLE USE IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

Abstract

The environment where we live is the habitat for various microorganisms, mostly bacteria which are used for various industrial applications like enzyme production, pharmaceutical production, fabric manufacturing and more. Colorants are used in lots of products including cosmetics, food and textiles. These colorants are synthetic and very harmful for humans. It is very harmful to environment because it contain toxic and non-biodegradable compounds. Now a days there is a growing demand for natural dyes which can be biodegradable and less harmful for the humans. Industry have lots of interest in microbial pigments, because they are more stable and soluble than pigments produced from plants and animals sources. It also can grow rapidly which will produce high yield throughout the year. Carotenoid are the very important compounds and are widely used in textile industry. Most of the fruits and vegetables contain carotenoids. These pigments have some limitations which include solubility, sensibility and instability on exposure to light, temperature and pH. The aim of the present study was to isolate pigment producing bacteria from three different soil samples. In this study yellow and orange pigmented bacteria were isolated and developed in to pure culture. Morphological and biochemical characterization was carried out and these isolates were observed for maximun pigment production at diffrent pH, Temperature and NaCl Concentrations. Yellow and Orange colour bacterial extracts of carotenoids pigments were extracted and used as natural colorants for dying of cloth. The present study indicated that pigment production was influenced by physical factors such as pH, Temperature and NaCl. Absorbance of carotenoids pigments were tested by using UV-Visible spectroscopy and these pigments shows a promising result in textile industry as natural colorants.