Abstract
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid is economically important fungal pathogen with wide host range. In this study we found morphological and phenotypical variation among isolates of the fungus infecting sunflower crop in Sindh province of Pakistan. Thirty two M. phaseolina isolates were obtained from infected plant samples of sunflower collected from different ten districts viz., Badin, Thatta, Hyderabad, Tando Muhammad Khan, Shaheed Benazirabad, Mirpurkhas, Sanghar, Dadu, Sukkur and Khairpur. Significant variation in characteristics was noticed among collected isolates. They were usually black, blackish-gray, grayish-black and gray in colony color. Generally three growths pattern; dense, feathery and restricted were seem. Among them dense was most common (50.0%) followed by feathery (34.36%) and restricted (15.64%). Maximum colony growth (90.0%) and minimum (65.0%) was recorded after 7 days of inoculation on medium. Feathery growth was generally fast and restricted growth was slow. Maximum average linear colony growth (13 mm) and minimum (9 mm) growth was noted. Isolates showed significantly varied sizes of microsclerotia. Maximum sclerotia size (124.0 µm) was obtained from fields of Badin while, minimum size of microsclerotia (83.0 µm) from sunflower fields of Sukkur. Microsclerotia from dense growth pattern were black and big in size and small microsclerotia from gray growth pattern. Keywords: Charcoal rot; Isolates and Characterization; Macrophomina phaseolina; Sunflower http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700152
Highlights
Badin, Thatta, Hyderabad, Tando Muhammad Khan, Shaheed Benazirabad, Mirpurkhas, Sanghar, Dadu, Sukkur and Khairpur
Up to 90% losses which is dominant fungal pathogen of due to this fungus are reported in sunflower sunflower and is polyphagous causing under favorable conditions for infection [3]
Thirty two M. phaseolina isolates were obtained from infected plant samples of sunflower collected from different ten districts of Sindh (Table 1 & Figure 1)
Summary
Collected cultures of M. phaseolina significantly varied in growth pattern, colour frequency and shape as well size. Thirty two isolates were obtained from infected plant samples of sunflower collected from different ten districts of Sindh, during this study. They were usually black, blackish-gray, grayishblack and gray in colony color. Three growth patterns; dense, feathery and restricted were seem. Saleh et al [9] and Atiq et al [10] reported three types of colony growth (dense, feathery and restricted) patterns of M. phaseolina isolates when grown on media. Maximum sclerotia size (124.0μm) was produced highest mycelial growth (87.1mm) obtained from fields of Badin while, and abundant sclerotia in all the media within minimum size of microsclerotia (83.0μm).
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