Abstract
(1) Background: In order to determine the correlation between the inclination of articular eminence (AEI) and the development of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), a systematic review was performed. (2) Methods: A systematic literature research was conducted between 1946 and January 2020, based on the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Scope, SciELO, and Lilacs. Observational studies, analytical case-control studies, and cohort studies written in English were identified. The articles were selected and analyzed by two authors independently. The PICO format was used to analyze the studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to verify the quality of the evidence. (3) Results: Sixteen articles were included in this review, ten case-control studies and six cohort studies. Eight articles (50%) established a positive relation between AEI and TMDs and eight (50%) did not. The scientific quality was medium-low, mainly influenced by the exposure to the risk of bias and the lack of clinical methods with adequate consistency and sensitivity on the diagnosis of TMDs. (4) Conclusions: It is controversial to establish a causal relationship between the TMDs and the AEI in the field of stomatology, due to limited and inconclusive evidence. However, it is suggested that the AEI defined by some specific methods may be associated with some special pathological stages of TMDs. High-quality prospective studies are required to draw any definitive conclusions.
Highlights
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex articular systems in human beings, which is formed by the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone, and the mandibular condyle and the two are separated by the articular disk [1,2]
No factors associated with the concomitant presence of arthralgia in patients with DDWR
Disc position is not influenced by articular eminence morphology AEI has an influence on disk reduction
Summary
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex articular systems in human beings, which is formed by the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone (the superior component of the joint), and the mandibular condyle (the inferior component of the joint) and the two are separated by the articular disk [1,2]. Numerous studies have focused on the relation of the change of anatomical and physiological characteristics to stomatognathic dysfunctions [4], especially in cases of joint disorders [5]. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are one of the most prevalent pathologies, which are defined as a comprehensive term of disorders affecting the TMJ, the muscles involved in mastication and/or the related structures [6]. Epidemiological studies of nonpatient adult populations have shown that about 40–75% of patients have at least one sign of joint dysfunction, such as joint clicking, abnormal movement, and 33% of them have joint or facial pain [6]. The prevalence of TMDs in the population has attracted more attention from clinicians and researchers over the years, the etiology of TMDs is still poorly understood and remains to be elucidated [7,8]
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