Is there a correlation between pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms during pregnancy and the duration of the second stage of labor?

Abstract

Background Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) most commonly results from weakened or injured muscles and ligaments whose purpose is to support the pelvic floor. Many studies have placed vaginal delivery and prolonged second stage of labor (SSL) as major risk factors for PFD, supposedly through generating enhanced pressure in the pelvic area. Although many studies describe the effects of vaginal delivery and labor on structure and function of the pelvic floor, not much is known regarding PFD deriving from pregnancy and its prevalence and severity in the postpartum. We aimed to evaluate whether a correlation exists between PFD symptoms during pregnancy and the duration of the SSL. Methods We conducted a cross sectional study of 200 women who gave birth at Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel. Those who had consented completed the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20), a condition specific questionnaire developed to measure quality-of-life and the extent of injury to the pelvic floor in women with all forms of PFD. The duration of the SSL and clinical and obstetrical characteristics were retrieved from the participants’ medical records. We assessed correlations using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results PFD during pregnancy was found to be correlated to the duration of the SSL (R = −0.183, p = .021). When evaluating each component of the PFDI-20 separately, CRAD was significantly correlated with the duration of the SSL (R = −0.195, p = .014). Conclusions There is a correlation between PFD symptoms during pregnancy, specifically symptoms of CRAD and the duration of the SSL.