Abstract
Background: Current studies indicate irisin role in carcinogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of irisin in LSCCs and to determine its association with clinicopathological factors, as well as recognized markers of proliferation, i.e., Ki-67 and MCM3,5,7 and MT-I/II proteins. Material and methods: The research material consisted of 140 cases of LSCCs, 57 cases of laryngeal papillomas (BLs) and 14 controls (benign hypertrophic changes). Tissue microarrays were used to perform IHC. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed in laryngeal cancer cell lines and normal keratinocytes. Results: Irisin expression levels were significantly increased in LSCC compared to BLs (p < 0.0001) and controls (p = 0.001). We noted a positive moderate and weak correlation between irisin and Ki-67, MCM3 and MT-I/II. We observed an elevated level of irisin expression with increasing tumor size (T1–2 vs. T3–4; p = 0.0348). The levels of irisin were higher in N0 than in N1 and N2–3 (p = 0.0031 and p = 0.0457, respectively). Our in vitro study revealed a higher level of irisin in Larynx Epidermoid Carcinoma 2 (HEp-2) cells compared to the control Normal Human Keratinocyte (HaCat) cell line. Conclusions: Increased irisin expression levels in LSCC and its correlation with clinicopathological and proliferation factors may indicate the potential role of irisin as a biomarker in the diagnostic process of LSCC.
Highlights
The study was conducted on material consisting of 140 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) and 57 cases of laryngeal papillomas (BLs), which were collected between 1997 and 2003
Our study showed the expression of irisin in controls, BLs, and LSCCs (Figure 1)
In LSCC, irisin expression was found in the cytoplasm of cancer cells
Summary
The larynx is the most common localization of head and neck cancers, and the most prevalent type is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which is diagnosed in 95% of cases [1]. Due to the difficulties associated with the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, there is a necessity to search for specific markers related to carcinogenesis in this area. The increased level of irisin expression has been reported in many cancers. Its elevated level of expression has been observed, for example, in thyroid and lung cancer [7,8,9]. The anatomic proximity of the thyroid and larynx, as well as the location of the larynx on the border between the upper and lower respiratory tract raise the question about the potential role of irisin in the carcinogenesis of laryngeal cancer. The expression of irisin in laryngeal carcinomas has not been studied yet
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