Abstract
The nitrogen source for most plants is nitrate, which is assimilated by an energetically expensive process 1. Crawford N.M. Nitrate: nutrient and signal for plant growth. Plant Cell. 1995; 7: 859-868 PubMed Google Scholar . A full set of genes encode the structural elements for the nitrate assimilatory pathway: transporters for nitrate and/or nitrite uptake by the cells (NT), cytosolic nitrate reductase (NR), chloroplastic nitrite transporter (CNT) and nitrite reductase (NiR) 1. Crawford N.M. Nitrate: nutrient and signal for plant growth. Plant Cell. 1995; 7: 859-868 PubMed Google Scholar . In addition, nitrate (nitrite) transport is energy dependent 2. Crawford N.M. Glass A.D.M. Molecular and physiological aspects of nitrate uptake in plants. Trends Plant Sci. 1998; 3: 389-395 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (680) Google Scholar , and nitrate and nitrite reductions require reducing power provided by light reactions inside chloroplasts of photosynthetic cells. By contrast, ammonium – the last product of nitrate assimilation – is fixed into carbon skeletons generated by the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle 1. Crawford N.M. Nitrate: nutrient and signal for plant growth. Plant Cell. 1995; 7: 859-868 PubMed Google Scholar . Thus, central metabolic pathways of chloroplasts and mitochondria have an active role in nitrate assimilation.
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