Abstract
(±)Propranolol (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) exhibited a differential effect on footshock aggression (FSA) in rats. Lower doses (1 and 3 mg/kg) of the drug facilitated FSA, whereas an inhibitory effect was observed with higher doses (10 and 30 mg/kg) of (±)Propranolol (30 mg/kg) and UM-272 (1 and 10 mg/kg) as well as physostigmine (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) all produced inhibition of FSA. Similar FSA inhibitory effects were also observed with salbutamol (1 and 5 mg/kg). Pretreatment with atropine and not methylatropine attenuated the anti-aggressive effect of (±)propranolol (10 mg/kg) without appreciably altering the facilitatory effect (1 mg/kg) of the drug on FSA. In addition, at the anti-aggressive doses, (±)propranolol (10 mg/kg) and UM-272 (10 mg/kg), significantly inhibited brain cholinesterase enzyme activity when compared to saline controls. (±)Propranolol (10 mg/kg) also inhibited significantly the aggression induced by reserpine-apormorphine treatment. It is inferred that a central cholinergic and dopaminergic mechanism is involved in the anti-aggressive effect of (±)propranolol, whereas the low dose induced facilitation of affective aggression could be attributed to central β-adrenoceptor blockade.
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