Abstract
Effective utilization of the electroactive material in thick electrodes could enable scalable batteries to be developed with higher energy densities while simultaneously reducing the overall cost of the battery. The challenges for thick electrodes include limited ion diffusion resulting in increased polarization and the inability to fully access the active material.As part of the overall effort, the Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties is exploring alternative electrode architectures. A 3-dimensional porous electrode design was created through the deliberate incorporation of acicular carbon as part of the design strategy to enable an electrode with minimal active material agglomeration in a thick electrode (~400 µm). This design approach was explored with several active materials including high capacity conversion materials as well as layered insertion materials. In all cases, effective utilization of the active material was achieved. Further, examination of the electrode homogeneity under operando conditions was conducted using synchrotron x-ray techniques. Spatial and temporal resolution gained from the measurements provided insight into the effective electrochemical utilization.
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