Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have stepped into the spotlight as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for large-scale energy storage systems. However, the stability and performance of sodium ion battery electrode materials are lacking compared to their lithium counterparts as a consequence of the larger size of the Na+ ion compared to Li+. Heterostructure engineering is a promising strategy to overcome these intrinsic limitations toward practical SIBs. In this talk, we review the recent progress in heterostructure engineering of electrode materials and the origin of the phase interface’s influence on the Na+ storage and transport properties. Efficient strategies for the design and fabrication of heterostructures are discussed, with focus on the mechanism of heterostructure formation. The heterostructure’s influence on Na+ storage and transport properties is primarily generated from local distortions of the structure and chemomechanical coupling at the phase interface, which may accelerate ion/electron diffusion, create additional active sites, and bolster the structural stability. Finally, we will discuss the existing challenges, knowledge gaps, and opportunities toward the advancement of heterostructure engineering as a means to develop practical, high-performance sodium ion batteries.
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