Abstract
A water-swelling rubber was prepared by in situ formed sodium acrylate (NaAA) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE). The water-swelling properties of the CPE/NaAA vulcanizates were investigated, and the kinetics of the water-swelling processes and the state of water absorbed in the CPE/NaAA vulcanizates were explored. The results showed that the water-swelling properties depended on the formulation of the vulcanizates such as the dicumyl peroxide (DCP) content, NaAA content and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acrylic acid (AA). Moreover, the environmental conditions, such as aqueous medium component and temperature, had great effects on the water-swelling properties. The mechanism of the water-swelling process was not purely Fickian diffusion, and relates to the relaxation effect of the sodium polyacrylate (PNaAA) and CPE chain. The diffusion coefficient (D) and the relaxation rate constant (kr) increase with increasing temperature, decrease with increasing DCP content and increase with increasing NaAA content. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements indicated that the water absorbed in the vulcanizate existed in PNaAA and CPE networks in three different physical states, namely, free water, freezable bound water and non-freezable bound water.
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