Abstract
Poor detailing of the position of bearing pad over reinforced concrete (RC) corbel may lead to premature failure, which is undesired and structurally vulnerable. An appropriate retrofitting solution is necessary to ensure the functionality of such RC corbels. Considering the growing popularity of external carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) in retrofitting, this research examines the effectiveness of an externally wrapped unidirectional CFRP sheet and compares its performance against traditional retrofitting methods. Moreover, it is intended to fulfill the lack of extensive research on external CFRP application for corbel strengthening. A total of eight medium-scale corbel specimens were tested on vertical load. Observed premature failure due to placing the bearing pad near the edge of corbel was verified and the effectiveness of the proposed structural strengthening solutions was studied. Experimental results show that although the loading capacity of the damaged corbel due to the poor detailing of bearing pad position could not be fully recovered, the external CFRP wrapping method demonstrated superior performance over RC jacketing and was able to prevent localized failure. Further study based on non-linear 3D finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out to identify the governing parameters of each retrofitting solution. Numerical studies suggested important parameters of various retrofitting alternatives for higher capacity assurance.
Highlights
Various design codes [1,2] have provided guidelines regarding detailing requirement for the position of a bearing pad above a corbel
In order to investigate the structural strengthening of reinforced concrete corbels subjected to local failure using external FRP wrapping, three experimental series consisting of eight RC corbel specimens and an extended numerical study on RC corbels were conducted
Parametric studies using numerical simulation were done in order to investigate and recommend a retrofitting method where the loading capacity can be fully recovered to the level of the corbel designed and detailed according to the codes
Summary
Various design codes [1,2] have provided guidelines regarding detailing requirement for the position of a bearing pad above a corbel. It is recommended that the outer edge of the bearing pad should not be placed beyond the straight portion of the main tension steel bars of the corbel, and the depth of the corbel at the corresponding position should never be less than half of its depth at the base These provisions are provided to prevent premature local failure and ensure the desired capacity and performance of the corbels. Kriz and Raths [3] described this as the secondary modes of failure which don’t involve the deepest section of the corbel at the column face Such failure is noticed at considerably lower load than the corresponding design value due to the poor detailing of the bearing pad position.
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