Abstract
Commercial fishing of estuarine tapertail anchovy (Coilia nasus), an important anadromous fish species in the Yangtze River of China, has been prohibited due to the serious damage overfishing has caused to the wild population. Research regarding the energy metabolism is important for migratory fish to ensure the continuation of their existence. In this study, we performed, for the first time, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the liver of C. nasus subjected to long-term starvation stress. The results indicated that the damaging effects involved downregulation of the antioxidant capacity and immune response. The positive response to starvation involved upregulation of the anti-allergy and anticancer capacity, which supports the function of starvation in cancer inhibition, as has also been determined for human beings. This study revealed regulatory pathways, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and mechanisms leading to damage of the liver in C. nasus affected by starvation. This research contributes information for the further study of the energy metabolism mechanism of C. nasus and provides a theoretical reference for starvation metabolism research of other fish species and even human beings.
Highlights
The Yangtze River, winding about 6,387 km, is the largest in China and the third longest river in the world
We aimed to reveal the mechanisms leading to damage of the liver in C. nasus under starvation stress as well as to lay a theoretical foundation for the investigation of the comprehensive energy metabolism mechanisms of C. nasus providing a theoretical reference for further in-depth research on the restoration of wild C. nasus resources and for the artificial breeding industry
The top 10 Biological process (BP) terms were mainly involved in the regulation of metabolism, development, and the stress response. Among these were the metabolism involved in the nucleic acid metabolic process and regulation of metabolic process; developmental regulation through maintenance of cell number, regulation of cell migration, cell development, tissue morphogenesis, tissue structure arrangement regulation, regulation of neuron differentiation; and stress response regulation, which was mainly related to the immune response
Summary
The Yangtze River, winding about 6,387 km, is the largest in China and the third longest river in the world. The Yangtze River is one of seven rivers that possess abundant aquatic biodiversity. C. nasus, which belongs to the order Clupeiformes, the family Engraulidae, and the genus Coilia, is an important anadromous fish species found in the Yangtze River of China. It is widely popular due to its delicate and unique flavor and is among the so-called “Three Delicious Fish Species in the Yangtze River” together with the Reeves shad (Tenualosa reevesii) and obscure pufferfish (Takifugu fasciatus) [2, 3]. Under the long-term influence of water pollution, overfishing, channel improvement, water project construction, etc., the living environment of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River is deteriorating day by day, and certain rare species populations have been diminished [4]
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