Abstract
The P1/HC-Pro viral suppressor of potyvirus suppresses posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). The fusion protein of P1/HC-Pro can be cleaved into P1 and HC-Pro through the P1 self-cleavage activity, and P1 is necessary and sufficient to enhance PTGS suppression of HC-Pro. To address the modulation of gene regulatory relationships induced by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) P1/HC-Pro (P1/HC-ProTu), a comparative transcriptome analysis of three types of transgenic plants (P1Tu, HC-ProTu, and P1/HC-ProTu) were conducted using both high-throughput (HTP) and low-throughput (LTP) RNA-Seq strategies. The results showed that P1/HC-ProTu disturbed the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and genes in the signaling pathway. Additionally, the integrated responses of stress-related genes, in particular to drought stress, cold stress, senescence, and stomatal dynamics, altered the expressions by the ABA/calcium signaling. Crosstalk among the ABA, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid pathways might simultaneously modulate the stress responses triggered by P1/HC-ProTu. Furthermore, the LTP network analysis revealed crucial genes in common with those identified by the HTP network in this study, demonstrating the effectiveness of the miniaturization of the HTP profile. Overall, our findings indicate that P1/HC-ProTu-mediated suppression in RNA silencing altered the ABA/calcium signaling and a wide range of stress responses.
Highlights
P1/HC-Pro is the first identified viral suppressor of potyvirus and can trigger the suppression of RNA silencing in the microRNA and short-interfering RNA regulatory pathways [1,2,3]
The comparative analyses of the HTP RNA-Seq profiles of Col-0 vs. P1/HC-ProTu, Col-0 vs P1Tu, and Col-0 vs. HC-ProTu sets revealed 1601, 559, and 777 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively (Table 1). These DEGs were used for a network analysis using the ContigViews system, which revealed 662, 106, and 162 genes in the networks, respectively (Table 1)
Unique genes with functions related to stress-responses, cell growth, and plant development were predominantly enriched in the P1/HC-ProTu -only section in addition to unknown or unclassified functional genes (Figure 1B)
Summary
P1/HC-Pro is the first identified viral suppressor of potyvirus and can trigger the suppression of RNA silencing in the microRNA (miRNA) and short-interfering RNA (siRNA) regulatory pathways [1,2,3]. Our previous studies indicate that the FRNK motif of HC-Pro plays an essential role in the suppression of the miRNA pathway but still suppresses 40% of the siRNA pathway [2]. Hu et al (2020) demonstrated that various potyviral species of P1/HC-Pro, i.e., turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and tobacco etch virus (TEV), have the same function in RNA silencing suppression [1]. To understand P1/HC-Pro-mediated RNA silencing suppression further, a transcriptomic analysis based on transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the P1/HC-ProTu gene (P1/HCProTu plant) was previously performed via high-throughput (HTP) RNA sequencing (RNASeq) [1]. Hu et al (2020) demonstrated that ethylene signaling genes in the
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