Abstract
BackgroundCognitive impairment mainly affects learning and problem solving abilities of the person. Traditional medicines, due to fewer side effects, more efficacy and lesser cost are still the choice of treatment in India. The main objective of the present study is to explore the nootropic potential of ethanol extract of Elettaria cardamomum Maton fruits. The present study was conducted by using exteroceptive behavioral models like elevated plus maze, passive avoidance apparatus and object recognition task at doses 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg.ResultsEthanol extract of E. cardamomum fruits significantly decreased transfer latency and increased step down latency and discrimination index respectively when compared to normal control groups. Piracetam and diazepam exhibited respective rise and fall in memory of the animals. The effect of plant extract on total serum cholesterol, acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde were more effective at two higher doses. However, it decreased serum glucose levels insignificantly whereas a significant rise in brain GSH levels was observed with increasing dose of the extract.ConclusionsThe study concludes that the nootropic effect of ethanol extract may be attributable to its anti-oxidant, anti-cholinesterase and cholesterol as well as glucose lowering potential.
Highlights
Cognitive impairment mainly affects learning and problem solving abilities of the person
According to World Health Organization (WHO), more than 3.3 billion people are resident of developing countries and rely on traditional herbal medicines for their primary healthcare needs [10]
Preliminary phytochemical screening The preliminary phytochemical screening of Elettaria cardamomum (EEC) showed the presence of various phytoconstituents as summarized in the Table 1
Summary
Cognitive impairment mainly affects learning and problem solving abilities of the person. Traditional medicines, due to fewer side effects, more efficacy and lesser cost are still the choice of treatment in India. The present study was conducted by using exteroceptive behavioral models like elevated plus maze, passive avoidance apparatus and object recognition task at doses 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the most common cognitive disorders, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, prevails in around 35 million people worldwide, of which 4.5 million Americans are affected annually [1]. According to World Health Organization (WHO), more than 3.3 billion people are resident of developing countries and rely on traditional herbal medicines for their primary healthcare needs [10]. The oldest Indian medical system in the world, reports a group of plants called ‘medhyas’ which possess neuromodulatory activity, of which, Shankhapushpi (leaf), Jataamansi and Ashwagandha, are the most extensively used plants [11]
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