Abstract
The article presents the results of many years of research on the phytosanitary state of agricultural land for non-gregarious locust pests. As polyphagous pests, non-gregarious locusts are one of the key destabilizing factors in the production of economically important agricultural plants in the agricultural regions of Northern Kazakhstan. Research on the long-term population dynamics of non-gregarious locust pests to determine bioecological regularities and factors influencing them for early forecasting an increase in the number and rational planning of plant protection products is very relevant. The studies were carried out in 1999-2019 based on the use of data on the distribution of non-gregarious locusts in Akmola, Pavlodar, Kostanay and North Kazakhstan regions. Numerical indicators of pest colonization and abundance indices were used as diagnostic predictors characterizing the phase state of species in a given year, which made it possible to establish patterns of population dynamics of locusts. Based on the research results, the authors concluded that the expected onset of certain phases of the dynamics of the phytophagous population was not always preserved and was subject to change under the influence of environmental factors. The trend in the dynamics of the number of studied phytophages depends to a large extent on the weather conditions of the previous and current year, as well as on the full amount of volumes and compliance with the necessary procedures. The data obtained can be proposed as criteria for predicting the phase state of populations of non-gregarious locusts in Northern Kazakhstan to justify and plan protective measures, as well as to improve phytosanitary control over non-gregarious locusts.
Highlights
Sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is one of the priority areas in many countries of the world, including Kazakhstan (Tokbergenova et al, 2018)
As a result of the analysis of data on the distribution of locusts in Akmola, Pavlodar, Kostanay and North Kazakhstan regions for the period from 1999 to 2019, we established the dynamics of the colonization indicators and values of the abundance level by years, as well as the abundance indices of non-gregarious locusts
Quantitative changes in population processes over time can be displayed using abundance indices. These indicators characterizing the change in the number of non-gregarious locusts, the intensity of reproduction and the dynamics of populations include the coefficients of dispersal (Cdis), colonization (Ccol), reproduction (Crep), progradation (Cpr) and the energy of dispersal (Edis) and reproduction (Erep)
Summary
Sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is one of the priority areas in many countries of the world, including Kazakhstan (Tokbergenova et al, 2018). The development of this area is associated with the currently relevant green technologies in agriculture and the basic principles of sustainable development, rational use of resources, conservation of biodiversity and reduction of the negative impact of pesticides on the environment (Zhang et al, 2019; Abdalla, 2014; SICAICMARK, 2020). One of the factors contradicting the conservation of biodiversity and ensuring phytosanitary safety is massive pesticide treatments used against locust pests as the only method of crop protection in cases of exacerbation of the phytosanitary situation (Baibussenov et al, 2014). According to the UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), in the countries of Central Asia, including Kazakhstan, outbreaks of mass reproduction of certain dangerous species of locust pests occur almost every year (FAOUN, 2020)
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