INVESTIGATION OF BROADER BANDWIDTH ELLIPTICAL DIPOLE ANTENNA PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS FOR 5G, KU AND KA-BAND APPLICATIONS: DIELECTRIC CONSTANT EFFECTS

Abstract

This study presents an examination of the design and evaluation process of an elliptical dipole antenna operating at the design frequency of 5 GHz. Initially based on conventional dipole antenna principles, the antenna's design is iteratively refined through bandwidth enhancement techniques, resulting in the emergence of ultra-wideband characteristics. Notably, the modified antenna design features a distinctive notch band spanning from 4.21 to 10.06 GHz, positioning it as a versatile solution suitable for applications across the mid-band of 5G, as well as the full Ku and partial Ka bands, encompassing frequencies from 27 GHz to 31 GHz. Furthermore, this study investigates the impact of varying dielectric constants on antenna parameters, shedding light on a critical aspect often overlooked in conventional dipole antenna calculations. Through systematic analysis, it is revealed that a dielectric constant of 4.3, aligned with the commonly used low-cost epoxy-based FR-4 material, yields optimal performance. While higher dielectric constants broaden the antenna's characteristics, lower values are found to enhance communication efficiency, thus offering potential benefits in terms of power consumption and cost savings. The detailed examination and findings presented in this study enrich the understanding of antenna design principles and provide valuable guidance for future research and practical applications in the field of wireless communication and antenna engineering.